Chloride
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Investigate electrolyte imbalance, Evaluate kidney function, Assess dehydration or fluid overload, Monitor patients on IV fluids, diuretics, or dialysis
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🧪 Chloride (Serum/Plasma)
Parameter | Chloride (Cl⁻) |
|---|---|
Sample Type | Serum, plasma, or sometimes urine |
Fasting Required | ❌ Not required |
Normal Range | 96–106 mmol/L (may vary slightly by lab) |
Turnaround Time | Typically 2–6 hours |
Associated Profile | Electrolyte Panel / Kidney Function Panel |
🧬 What is Chloride?
Chloride is an essential electrolyte and the major extracellular anion in the body. It helps maintain:
- Acid–base balance (pH)
- Fluid balance and blood pressure
- Electrical neutrality across cells
- Osmotic pressure in tissues
It often works in conjunction with sodium (Na⁺), potassium (K⁺), and bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) to regulate homeostasis.
🧭 Why is the Chloride Test Done?
This test is usually ordered to:
- Investigate electrolyte imbalance
- Evaluate kidney function
- Monitor acid-base disorders (e.g., acidosis or alkalosis)
- Assess dehydration or fluid overload
- Monitor patients on IV fluids, diuretics, or dialysis
⚕️ Conditions Associated with Chloride Imbalance
Abnormal Value | Possible Causes |
|---|---|
↑ High (Hyperchloremia) | - Dehydration |
↓ Low (Hypochloremia) | - Vomiting, diarrhea |
🔬 Organs Involved
- Kidneys: Regulate chloride reabsorption and excretion
- Lungs: Indirectly affect pH and bicarbonate balance
- GI Tract: Major route for chloride loss during vomiting or diarrhea
🔄 Recommended Alongside
Test | Why |
|---|---|
Sodium & Potassium | Check for overall electrolyte status |
Bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) | Assess acid–base balance |
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) | Kidney function and hydration status |
Creatinine | Evaluate kidney function |
Anion Gap Calculation | Diagnose metabolic acidosis/alkalosis |
Urine Electrolytes | In cases of renal or adrenal concerns |
📝 Summary
Test | Chloride (Cl⁻) |
|---|---|
Purpose | Evaluate fluid/electrolyte balance and acid-base disorders |
Normal Range | ~96–106 mmol/L |
Fasting Needed | No |
Useful For | Kidney function, acid–base balance, dehydration/hydration |
Common Pairing | Sodium, Potassium, Bicarbonate, BUN, Creatinine |
How our test process works!
