MPO - ANCA ( P - ANCA )
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Investigate symptoms like hematuria, proteinuria, chronic sinusitis, or lung nodules
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🧪 What is MPO-ANCA (P-ANCA) Test?
The MPO-ANCA test detects autoantibodies against the enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) found in neutrophil granules. These antibodies are a subset of P-ANCA (Perinuclear ANCA) and are primarily associated with certain autoimmune vasculitides.
This is commonly measured using ELISA or IFA methods.
❓ Why is the Test Done?
To:
- Diagnose and monitor ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV)
- Differentiate between types of autoimmune small-vessel vasculitis
- Investigate symptoms like hematuria, proteinuria, chronic sinusitis, or lung nodules
- Support diagnosis in glomerulonephritis or pulmonary-renal syndromes
📊 Normal Range
Result | Interpretation |
|---|---|
Negative | < 20 U/mL or as per lab cutoff |
Positive | > 20–25 U/mL depending on method/lab |
Titer levels may vary by lab; results should be interpreted in clinical context.
📈 Interpretation of Results
MPO-ANCA Status | Possible Clinical Indications |
|---|---|
Positive | Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), renal-limited vasculitis |
Weak Positive | May be seen in inflammatory bowel disease, infections, autoimmune hepatitis |
Negative | No detectable MPO antibodies; does not rule out all vasculitis types |
P-ANCA pattern may also result from non-MPO antibodies – confirm with ELISA for MPO.
🧠 Associated Organs & Conditions
System/Organ | Associated Diseases |
|---|---|
Kidneys | Pauci-immune glomerulonephritis, nephritic syndrome |
Lungs | Alveolar hemorrhage, nodules, infiltrates |
Sinuses/Nasal | Chronic sinusitis, nasal crusting, septal perforation |
Skin | Purpura, ulcers, necrotic lesions |
Others | Peripheral neuropathy, mononeuritis multiplex |
🔄 Related / Follow-Up Tests
- PR3-ANCA (C-ANCA) – differentiates GPA (Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis)
- ANA, RF – rule out other autoimmune diseases
- Anti-GBM antibody – for Goodpasture’s syndrome
- Urinalysis – for hematuria, proteinuria
- Kidney biopsy – in suspected renal vasculitis
- Chest X-ray / HRCT – for pulmonary involvement
✅ Fasting Required?
Test | Fasting Required |
|---|---|
MPO-ANCA | ❌ Not required |
📝 Summary Table
Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
What | Detects anti-MPO antibodies associated with vasculitis |
Why | Diagnose & monitor ANCA-associated vasculitis (MPA, EGPA) |
Normal Range | < 20 U/mL (lab-specific) |
Positive Result | Suggests autoimmune vasculitis (esp. MPA, EGPA) |
Associated Conditions | MPA, EGPA, renal vasculitis, alveolar hemorrhage |
Follow-up Tests | PR3-ANCA, ANA, RF, urinalysis, imaging, kidney biopsy |
Fasting Required | ❌ No |
How our test process works!
