24 Hrs Urinary Calcium

Thyroid

Report in 4Hrs

At Home

No Fasting Required

Details

Quantifies calcium in urine over 24 hours; useful in evaluating hyperparathyroidism and kidney stone risk.

₹159₹275

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24 Hrs Urinary Calcium - Comprehensive Medical Test Guide

Why is it done?
- Measures the amount of calcium excreted in urine over a 24-hour period to assess calcium metabolism and kidney function
- Diagnose kidney stone formation risk and evaluate hypercalcemia (elevated blood calcium levels)
- Investigate abnormal serum calcium levels or suspected parathyroid disorders
- Monitor patients with history of calcium kidney stones or hypercalciuria
- Evaluate bone health disorders such as osteoporosis or hyperparathyroidism
- Assess causes of hypocalcemia (low blood calcium) or vitamin D disorders
- Typically performed as part of initial diagnostic workup or periodic monitoring during treatment
Normal Range
- Normal Reference Range: 100-300 mg/24 hours (2.5-7.5 mmol/24 hours)
- Units of Measurement: Milligrams per 24 hours (mg/24h) or Millimoles per 24 hours (mmol/24h)
- Low Values (<100 mg/24h): Indicates hypocalcemia or inadequate calcium intake; may suggest malabsorption or kidney disease
- High Values (>300 mg/24h): Indicates hypercalcemia or hypercalciuria; increased risk for kidney stone formation
- Normal Meaning: Calcium excretion is within appropriate physiologic range; adequate calcium homeostasis
- Abnormal Meaning: Disturbed calcium metabolism; may indicate underlying disease process affecting bones, kidneys, or parathyroid gland
Interpretation
- Elevated Calcium Excretion (>300 mg/24h): Suggests hypercalciuria; primary causes include hyperparathyroidism, sarcoidosis, hyperthyroidism, vitamin D intoxication, or immobilization; secondary causes include kidney tubular defects, renal tubular acidosis, or excessive dietary calcium intake
- Decreased Calcium Excretion (<100 mg/24h): Indicates hypocalcemia or reduced calcium availability; associated with hypoparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, malabsorption syndromes, chronic kidney disease, or inadequate dietary calcium
- Factors Affecting Results: Dietary calcium intake, sodium consumption, diuretic use, corticosteroid therapy, thiazide diuretics (decrease excretion), loop diuretics (increase excretion), physical activity level, acid-base status, and medications
- Clinical Significance in Kidney Stone Risk: Values >250 mg/24h significantly increase risk for calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate stone formation; values <200 mg/24h suggest lower stone risk
- Correlation with Serum Calcium: Must be interpreted alongside serum calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D levels, and alkaline phosphatase for complete assessment
- Gender and Age Considerations: Men typically have slightly higher excretion rates than women; postmenopausal women may show increased excretion due to estrogen decline
Associated Organs
- Primary Organ Systems: Kidneys (filtration and reabsorption), parathyroid glands (calcium regulation), skeletal system (calcium storage and mobilization), intestines (calcium absorption)
- Conditions Associated with Elevated Results: Primary hyperparathyroidism, secondary hyperparathyroidism, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis, hyperthyroidism, Paget's disease, bone metastases, lymphomas, vitamin D toxicity, immobilization, hypokalaemia, renal tubular acidosis, Dent disease
- Conditions Associated with Decreased Results: Hypoparathyroidism, pseudohypoparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, chronic kidney disease, malabsorption syndromes, cirrhosis, hypothyroidism
- Kidney Complications: Nephrolithiasis (calcium kidney stones), nephrocalcinosis (calcium deposition in kidney tissue), chronic kidney disease progression, acute kidney injury from stone obstruction
- Bone-Related Complications: Accelerated bone loss in hypercalciuria, osteoporosis development, increased fracture risk, hypokalemic bone disease
- Systemic Complications: Hypercalcemia-related cardiovascular effects, neurological manifestations, muscular weakness, cardiac arrhythmias
Follow-up Tests
- Serum Calcium and Phosphate: Essential for assessing systemic calcium-phosphate balance; interpret urinary calcium results
- Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Level: Helps determine if abnormal calcium excretion is due to parathyroid dysfunction
- Vitamin D (25-Hydroxyvitamin D): Assesses vitamin D status; critical for calcium metabolism interpretation
- 24-Hour Urinary Oxalate and Citrate: Complementary tests for kidney stone risk assessment; evaluate stone-forming and inhibiting substances
- Serum Creatinine and eGFR: Assess kidney function; abnormal values may affect calcium handling
- Urinalysis: Detect hematuria suggesting kidney stones; assess for crystalluria
- 24-Hour Urinary Sodium and Potassium: Evaluate dietary factors affecting calcium excretion; guide dietary modifications
- Bone Density Assessment (DEXA scan): Recommended for patients with hypercalciuria or parathyroid disorders; assess osteoporosis risk
- Imaging Studies: Abdominal ultrasound or CT scan for kidney stones; chest imaging if sarcoidosis suspected
- Monitoring Frequency: Repeat testing annually for diagnosed hypercalciuria; every 2-3 years for normal results with risk factors; after treatment changes or symptom development
Fasting Required?
- Fasting Requirement: No - Fasting is NOT required for this test
- Patient Preparation Instructions: Patient should maintain normal diet and fluid intake throughout the 24-hour collection period
- Collection Procedure: Collect all urine over 24 hours in provided container; start collection in morning after first void (discard), end collection next morning with first void
- Container and Storage: Use sterile container provided by laboratory; keep refrigerated during collection; deliver to laboratory within 24 hours
- Medications to Avoid (Ideally): Diuretics (especially thiazides and loop diuretics), corticosteroids, vitamin D supplements, calcium supplements, PTH medications; consult physician before discontinuing medications
- Dietary Considerations: Maintain typical dietary calcium and sodium intake; avoid excessive dietary changes during collection; limit caffeine and alcohol
- Hydration: Maintain normal fluid intake (approximately 1.5-2 liters per day); adequate hydration ensures adequate urine volume for accurate measurement
- Physical Activity: Maintain normal level of physical activity; avoid unusual immobilization during collection period
- Labeling Requirements: Clearly label container with patient name, date of collection start and end time, and total urine volume collected

How our test process works!