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🧪 24-Hour Urinary Sodium Test

Aspect	Details
Fasting Required?	❌ Not required (but consistent diet & hydration during collection is ideal)
Sample Required	Complete 24-hour urine collection
Main Organs Involved	Kidneys, regulated by adrenal glands and brain (hypothalamus)
Test Purpose	Measures the total sodium excreted in urine over 24 hours

🌊 Why It’s Important

Sodium is the main electrolyte regulating:

The kidneys play a critical role in regulating how much sodium is excreted to maintain balance.

📈 Normal Reference Range

Typical Adult Range	Values
Normal Intake	40–220 mmol/day (or 920–5060 mg/day)

📌 Reference ranges vary depending on dietary intake, hydration, and health status.

🩺 Clinical Applications

Clinical Use	Helps Evaluate
🧂 Salt intake estimation	To check for high sodium consumption, especially in hypertension patients
🧬 Aldosterone disorders	Helps diagnose hyperaldosteronism or Addison’s disease
💊 Diuretic response monitoring	Assesses if medications like furosemide or thiazides are working
💉 Hyponatremia evaluation	Differentiates between causes of low sodium (renal vs. non-renal loss)
❤️ Heart failure, cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome	Detects sodium retention in fluid overload states

🔬 Interpretation

Result	Possible Interpretation
🔼 High Sodium	High salt intake, poor diuretic response, diabetes insipidus
🔽 Low Sodium	Dehydration, Addison’s disease, CHF, nephrotic syndrome, SIADH

🧪 Complementary/Follow-Up Tests

Also Recommended	Purpose
Serum Sodium, Potassium, Chloride	Evaluate overall electrolyte balance
Serum Aldosterone + Renin Ratio	Diagnose primary aldosteronism
24h Urinary Creatinine	Confirms completeness of urine collection
Urine Osmolality	Helps understand cause of hyponatremia
Plasma Osmolality	Assesses hydration and ADH status
24h Urinary Potassium, Chloride	Complete electrolyte picture

📋 Collection Instructions

Start: Discard the first morning urine on Day 1.
Collect all urine for the next 24 hours including the first sample on Day 2.
Keep container cool or refrigerated during collection.
Continue normal salt and water intake unless advised otherwise.
Inform your doctor about any diuretics or salt supplements taken.

✅ Summary Table

Test	Purpose	Normal Range	Sample
24-Hour Urinary Sodium	Assess sodium excretion, kidney handling, fluid/salt balance	40–220 mmol/day (920–5060 mg/day)	24-hour urine

24 Hrs Urinary Sodium