25 OH Vitamin D
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Assesses 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels to determine deficiency, affecting bone strength and immune function.
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🧪 25-OH Vitamin D Test
Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
Fasting Required? | ❌ Not mandatory (fasting optional) |
Sample Type | Blood (serum) |
Main Organs Involved | Skin (synthesis), liver (conversion), kidneys (activation), bones |
Test Purpose | Measures total Vitamin D level to evaluate deficiency, sufficiency, or toxicity |
☀️ What Is 25-OH Vitamin D?
- 25-hydroxyvitamin D is the storage form of Vitamin D, made in the liver from either:
- Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) – synthesized in skin or from animal-based foods
- Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) – from plant-based sources or supplements
- It reflects total body Vitamin D stores and has a longer half-life than the active form (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D).
📈 Reference Ranges (ng/mL)
Level | Interpretation |
|---|---|
<10 ng/mL | Severe deficiency |
10–20 ng/mL | Deficient |
20–30 ng/mL | Insufficient |
30–50 ng/mL | ✅ Optimal/Sufficient |
>100 ng/mL | Possible toxicity |
🩺 Why It's Done
Use Case | Why It Matters |
|---|---|
🦴 Bone health monitoring | Prevents/monitors osteomalacia, osteoporosis, rickets |
☀️ Suspected deficiency | In limited sun exposure, dark skin, elderly, infants |
💊 Supplement therapy monitoring | Track safety and efficacy of Vitamin D replacement |
🧬 Parathyroid or calcium disorders | Assists in evaluating hyperparathyroidism, calcium malabsorption |
🧠 Autoimmune/chronic diseases | Associated with fatigue, depression, muscle weakness |
⚠️ Causes of Deficiency
- Lack of sunlight (indoor lifestyle, sunscreen use)
- Poor dietary intake
- Malabsorption (e.g., celiac, Crohn’s)
- Chronic kidney/liver disease
- Obesity (Vitamin D gets sequestered in fat)
- Certain medications (steroids, anticonvulsants)
🍽️ Sources of Vitamin D
Type | Examples |
|---|---|
D3 (Cholecalciferol) | Sunlight, fatty fish, egg yolk, fortified dairy |
D2 (Ergocalciferol) | Fortified cereals, mushrooms exposed to UV |
🧪 Recommended Complementary Tests
If 25-OH D Is Abnormal | Why Add It |
|---|---|
Calcium, Phosphorus, ALP | Bone metabolism markers |
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) | Evaluates cause of low/high Vitamin D |
Magnesium | Affects Vitamin D activation |
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D | Consider if kidney dysfunction or sarcoidosis |
✅ Summary Table
Test | Purpose | Optimal Range | Sample Type |
|---|---|---|---|
25-OH Vitamin D | Assess total body Vitamin D stores | 30–50 ng/mL | Blood (serum) |
🔄 Supplementation Guidelines (General)
Deficiency Level | Suggested Dose (under medical advice) |
|---|---|
Mild deficiency (20–30 ng/mL) | 1,000–2,000 IU/day of D3 |
Moderate (10–20 ng/mL) | 2,000–4,000 IU/day for 8–12 weeks |
Severe (<10 ng/mL) | 50,000 IU weekly for 6–8 weeks, then recheck |
(Always consult a physician before starting supplements)
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