Allergen, Individual-Micro organism Aspergillus Fumigatus fungus

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Specific IgE Antibody Test to Aspergillus fumigatus

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Allergen Individual-Microorganism Aspergillus Fumigatus Fungus Test

Why is it done?
- Detects specific IgE antibodies against Aspergillus fumigatus allergen in blood serum
- Diagnoses IgE-mediated allergic sensitization to A. fumigatus fungal spores
- Evaluates risk of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) and asthma exacerbation
- Ordered when patients present with respiratory symptoms and suspected fungal allergy
- Performed in patients with persistent asthma, cystic fibrosis, or immunocompromised states
- Used as confirmatory test when skin prick testing suggests A. fumigatus sensitivity
Normal Range
- Normal/Negative Result: < 0.35 kUA/L (kilounits of allergen per liter)
- Borderline/Sensitized: 0.35 - 0.69 kUA/L indicates possible sensitization
- Positive Result: ≥ 0.70 kUA/L indicates specific IgE sensitization present
- Severity Categories: Class 1 (0.35-0.69), Class 2 (0.70-3.49), Class 3 (3.50-17.49), Class 4 (17.50-52.99), Class 5 (53.00-100), Class 6 (>100)
- Higher values indicate greater degree of allergic sensitization and increased clinical risk
- Units: kUA/L (specific IgE concentration measured using immunoassay methods)
Interpretation
- Negative Result (< 0.35 kUA/L): No IgE-mediated allergic sensitization to A. fumigatus detected; low risk of allergic response
- Class 1-2 (0.35-3.49 kUA/L): Mild to moderate sensitization; patient may develop symptoms with repeated or high-level exposure
- Class 3-4 (3.50-52.99 kUA/L): High sensitization level; significant allergic response likely; increased risk for ABPA development
- Class 5-6 (> 53 kUA/L): Very high sensitization; strong clinical relevance; requires aggressive medical management and exposure avoidance
- Factors affecting results: Recent antifungal therapy may falsely lower values; immunosuppression may affect antibody production
- Clinical correlation essential: Positive IgE does not always equal clinical symptoms; negative result does not exclude ABPA in some cases
- Serial testing may show rising titers indicating progressive sensitization or developing ABPA complications
Associated Organs
- Primary: Respiratory tract (lungs, airways, bronchi); mucosal immune system producing IgE antibodies
- Secondary: Immunological system; B lymphocytes and plasma cells generating specific IgE
- Associated Condition - Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA): Characterized by hypersensitivity reaction in lungs
- Associated Condition - Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis: Mycotic lung infection with chronic airway inflammation and tissue damage
- Associated Condition - Asthma Exacerbation: A. fumigatus exposure triggers allergic airway inflammation and bronchospasm
- Associated Condition - Cystic Fibrosis Complications: ABPA occurs in 7-10% of CF patients; A. fumigatus commonly colonizes CF airways
- Potential Complications: Progressive pulmonary fibrosis, bronchiectasis, respiratory failure in untreated ABPA cases
- High-risk Populations: Immunocompromised patients, solid organ transplant recipients, patients on immunosuppressive therapy
Follow-up Tests
- Total IgE Level: Assess overall immunoglobulin E production; elevated in allergic and atopic individuals
- Specific IgG and IgG4 to A. fumigatus: Assess humoral immune response; elevated levels suggest chronic exposure or ABPA
- Chest X-ray or High-Resolution CT Scan: Evaluate pulmonary involvement, bronchiectasis, or pulmonary infiltrates
- Pulmonary Function Tests (PFT): Measure airway obstruction and lung capacity; assess severity of respiratory compromise
- Sputum Culture or Fungal Culture: Isolate and identify A. fumigatus from respiratory secretions; confirm fungal colonization
- Eosinophil Count: Elevated peripheral eosinophilia supports allergic/ABPA diagnosis
- Galactomannan or β-D-Glucan Antigen Tests: Detect A. fumigatus antigens in serum; positive in invasive aspergillosis
- Skin Prick Testing: Confirmatory allergy testing; demonstrates immediate-type hypersensitivity reaction
- Serial IgE Testing: Monitor disease progression in ABPA; repeat every 3-6 months; rising titers indicate worsening condition
- Immunology Panel: Assess CD4+ T cell count in immunocompromised patients; evaluate cell-mediated immune status
Fasting Required?
- No fasting required for this test
- Test can be performed at any time of day regardless of meal intake
- No dietary restrictions apply to this allergen-specific IgE measurement
- Medication Precautions: Avoid antihistamines 3-7 days before test if skin prick testing planned; they suppress allergic reactions
- Continue regular medications: Do not discontinue asthma inhalers, corticosteroids, or other essential medications
- Blood Draw Instructions: Standard venipuncture; 2-3 mL serum sample collected in appropriate tube
- Patient Preparation: No special preparation needed; wear loose-fitting sleeves for easy blood draw access
- Sample Handling: Serum sample should be refrigerated or frozen if not processed immediately; stable for several weeks when properly stored

How our test process works!