Allergen, Individual-Food Egg White Anda

Allergy

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No Fasting Required

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Food allergy test for egg white proteins.

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Allergen Individual-Food Egg White Anda

Why is it done?
- Identifies specific IgE antibodies against egg white proteins to diagnose egg allergy
- Distinguishes between egg white and egg yolk allergies, as some individuals may tolerate one but react to the other
- Evaluates patients with suspected IgE-mediated allergic reactions after egg consumption
- Assesses risk severity and helps guide dietary management and immunotherapy decisions
- Monitors changes in sensitization over time, particularly in children who may outgrow egg allergies
- Performed when patients present with symptoms such as urticaria, angioedema, oral allergy syndrome, gastroenteritis, or anaphylaxis following egg exposure
Normal Range
- Reference Range: < 0.35 kU/L (Class 0 - Negative)
- Unit of Measurement: kU/L (kilounits per liter) or IU/mL (International Units per milliliter)
- Interpretation Categories: Class 0 (Negative): < 0.35 kU/L - No significant sensitization to egg white
- Class 1 (Borderline/Low): 0.35-0.69 kU/L - Minimal sensitization; symptoms unlikely but not excluded
- Class 2 (Low): 0.70-3.49 kU/L - Low-level sensitization; clinical symptoms possible
- Class 3 (Moderate): 3.50-17.49 kU/L - Moderate sensitization; clinical allergy likely
- Class 4 (High): 17.50-52.99 kU/L - High sensitization; clinical allergy very likely; severe reactions possible
- Class 5 (Very High): > 52.99 kU/L - Very high sensitization; strong prediction of clinical allergy with risk of severe reactions
- Normal Result: Negative (< 0.35 kU/L) indicates absence of IgE antibodies to egg white allergens
- Abnormal Result: Positive (≥ 0.35 kU/L) indicates sensitization to egg white proteins with varying degrees of clinical risk based on class level
Interpretation
- Negative Result (< 0.35 kU/L): Indicates no detectable IgE-mediated sensitization to egg white; egg white is likely well-tolerated. However, non-IgE mediated allergies or delayed hypersensitivity reactions cannot be excluded.
- Borderline/Low Positive (0.35-3.49 kU/L): Suggests minimal to low-level sensitization. Symptoms may be intermittent or mild. Clinical history and timing of symptoms are critical; some individuals may tolerate cooked egg products. Oral food challenge testing may be warranted.
- Moderate Positive (3.50-17.49 kU/L): Indicates moderate sensitization with high likelihood of clinical egg allergy. Symptoms are expected with egg consumption. Strict egg avoidance is typically recommended.
- High Positive (17.50-52.99 kU/L): Demonstrates high sensitization with strong prediction of IgE-mediated allergic reactions. Risk of severe or anaphylactic reactions exists. Strict dietary avoidance and epinephrine auto-injector prescription are recommended.
- Very High Positive (> 52.99 kU/L): Indicates very high sensitization with near-certain clinical manifestations and high risk of severe or life-threatening reactions. Comprehensive allergy management and emergency preparedness are essential.
- Factors Affecting Results:
- Age of patient - children may have higher levels that decrease with age
- Duration and frequency of egg exposure - recent exposure may elevate levels
- Concurrent allergic conditions (atopic dermatitis, asthma) - may elevate IgE production
- Immunosuppressive therapy - may decrease detectable IgE levels
- Recent vaccination - may transiently affect IgE levels
- Clinical Significance: Higher IgE levels correlate with increased likelihood of clinical allergic reactions but do not absolutely predict severity. Clinical presentation and symptom history must be considered alongside test results. This test helps differentiate between egg white and egg yolk allergies, important for dietary counseling.
Associated Organs
- Primary Organ Systems Involved:
- Immune system - mast cells and basophils produce IgE antibodies in response to egg white allergens
- Gastrointestinal tract - site of allergen entry and potential reaction (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramping)
- Integumentary system (skin) - manifestations include urticaria and angioedema
- Respiratory system - can present with nasal congestion, wheezing, or laryngeal edema
- Cardiovascular system - involved in severe anaphylactic reactions with hypotension and shock
- Associated Conditions and Diseases:
- IgE-mediated egg white allergy - immediate hypersensitivity reaction
- Anaphylaxis - severe, life-threatening allergic reaction requiring immediate epinephrine treatment
- Atopic dermatitis (eczema) - often associated with food allergies and increased IgE production
- Allergic asthma - patients may have concurrent egg allergy with asthmatic symptoms
- Allergic rhinitis - may co-occur with food allergies
- Oral allergy syndrome - cross-reactivity with certain plant proteins
- Potential Complications:
- Anaphylactic shock - cardiovascular collapse with potential mortality
- Severe angioedema - airway compromise requiring emergency intervention
- Nutritional deficiencies - from overly restrictive egg avoidance without proper substitution
- Impaired growth and development in children - if dietary management is inadequate
- Quality of life reduction - from dietary restrictions and anxiety regarding accidental exposures
Follow-up Tests
- Additional Tests Based on Positive Results:
- Allergen Individual-Food Egg Yolk - to differentiate between egg white and yolk allergies
- Skin prick test - provides in vivo confirmation of IgE sensitization
- Oral food challenge test (OFC) - gold standard for definitive diagnosis of egg allergy, particularly with borderline serology results
- Component-resolved diagnostic tests (egg white proteins: Gal d 1, Gal d 2, Gal d 3, Gal d 4) - identifies specific protein sensitization patterns
- Comprehensive allergy panel - screens for other food or environmental allergies commonly associated with egg allergy
- Monitoring and Follow-up Strategy:
- Repeat testing annually in children to monitor natural resolution - many children (70-80%) outgrow egg allergy by age 5-10 years
- Serial IgE measurements - can help predict progression or resolution of allergy
- Six-month to annual monitoring for patients on immunotherapy - assesses effectiveness and tolerance development
- Complementary Tests:
- Total IgE level - helps assess overall allergic burden
- Tryptase level - elevated in acute mast cell degranulation, useful during anaphylaxis evaluation
- Allergen panels for common co-allergens - milk, peanuts, tree nuts, soy
- Specific IgG4 testing - in immunotherapy patients, elevated IgG4 suggests tolerance development
Fasting Required?
- Fasting Required: No
- This serum-based specific IgE test does not require fasting; food or beverage intake does not affect test validity or results
- Patient Preparation:
- No special preparation needed for blood collection
- Avoid scratching or trauma to antecubital fossa (blood draw site) prior to testing
- Remain seated or lying down for 15 minutes before blood draw if patient history of syncope
- Medications:
- Discontinue antihistamines (H1 and H2 blockers) 7-10 days before testing if skin prick testing is planned as follow-up - does not affect serum specific IgE testing
- Topical corticosteroids do not need to be discontinued for this blood test
- Continue regular medications including immunosuppressants and other systemic medications
- Timing Considerations:
- Test can be performed at any time of day
- Avoid testing during acute allergic reaction or within 48-72 hours of severe anaphylaxis
- For skin prick testing as adjunct: schedule at least 7-10 days after any exposure to suspected allergen to avoid false negatives from recent degranulation
- Sample Collection:
- Blood sample collected via venipuncture into serum separator tube (SST)
- Approximately 5-10 mL required
- Serum stored and transported at appropriate temperature; some labs accept room temperature, others prefer refrigeration

How our test process works!