Allergy - Dust Panel

Allergy

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Blood panel for IgE response to common dust allergens.

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Allergy - Dust Panel Test Information Guide

Why is it done?
- Identifies specific allergens in dust that trigger allergic reactions in patients
- Measures immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies against dust allergens including dust mites and dust components
- Ordered when patients present with symptoms of allergic rhinitis, asthma, or dermatitis that may be dust-related
- Helps determine if chronic respiratory or skin symptoms are caused by dust allergen exposure
- Performed to develop targeted avoidance strategies and treatment plans for dust allergies
- Typically performed when standard allergy testing is indicated or during initial allergy evaluation
Normal Range
- Results are expressed in kUA/L (kilounits of allergen per liter) or IU/mL using specific IgE (sIgE) measurement
- Normal (Negative): < 0.35 kUA/L (Class 0) indicates no clinically relevant allergic sensitization to dust allergens
- Borderline/Low: 0.35 - 0.69 kUA/L (Class 1) suggests minimal allergic sensitization
- Mild: 0.70 - 3.49 kUA/L (Class 2) indicates mild allergic sensitization
- Moderate: 3.50 - 17.49 kUA/L (Class 3) indicates moderate allergic sensitization
- High: 17.50 - 52.49 kUA/L (Class 4) indicates high allergic sensitization
- Very High: ≥ 52.50 kUA/L (Class 5-6) indicates very high allergic sensitization
- Panel typically includes: Der p 1 and Der p 2 (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus - house dust mite), Der f 1 and Der f 2 (Dermatophagoides farinae - storage mite), and sometimes Blomia tropicalis
Interpretation
- Negative Results (< 0.35 kUA/L): Indicates no measurable IgE sensitization to dust allergens; symptoms are likely due to other causes or non-allergic mechanisms
- Low-Borderline Results (0.35-0.69 kUA/L): May indicate minimal sensitization; clinical correlation is essential to determine clinical significance
- Mild to Moderate Results (0.70-17.49 kUA/L): Confirms allergic sensitization to dust allergens; indicates allergy is likely contributing to patient symptoms
- High Results (17.50-52.49 kUA/L): Strong allergic sensitization to dust; patient has significant risk of allergic symptoms with exposure
- Very High Results (≥ 52.50 kUA/L): Very strong sensitization; high probability that dust allergen exposure is causing significant symptoms
- Individual component interpretation: Higher levels of Der p 1 (major allergen) correlate more strongly with clinical symptoms than Der p 2
- Presence of multiple positive components indicates increased likelihood of significant clinical disease
- Factors affecting results: Recent allergen exposure, concurrent medications, timing of test in relation to symptoms, and individual IgE production variability
- Clinical significance: Positive results help confirm dust allergy diagnosis, guide environmental control measures, and support decisions regarding immunotherapy
- Results must be interpreted in context of patient history, physical examination findings, and symptom pattern
Associated Organs
- Primary Organ Systems:
- Respiratory system: Nasal passages, sinuses, trachea, bronchi, and lungs affected by inhaled dust allergens
- Immune system: Mast cells and basophils involved in IgE-mediated allergic responses
- Integumentary system (skin): Can develop contact dermatitis or worsen existing atopic dermatitis with dust exposure
- Conditions Associated with Abnormal Results:
- Allergic Rhinitis: Nasal congestion, sneezing, rhinorrhea triggered by dust allergen exposure
- Asthma: Dust allergens can trigger bronchospasm, wheezing, coughing, and dyspnea in sensitized individuals
- Atopic Dermatitis: Dust exposure can exacerbate itching, inflammation, and skin barrier dysfunction
- Allergic Conjunctivitis: Eye irritation, itching, and tearing in response to dust allergen contact
- Allergic Sinusitis: Sinus inflammation and congestion triggered by dust allergen inhalation
- Anaphylaxis (rare): Severe systemic allergic reaction possible in highly sensitized individuals with significant exposure
- Potential Complications:
- Chronic airway inflammation leading to permanent structural changes and reduced lung function
- Secondary sinusitis from prolonged nasal obstruction and sinus inflammation
- Sleep disturbance due to nocturnal nasal congestion and coughing
- Impaired quality of life and daytime functioning from untreated allergic symptoms
Follow-up Tests
- Based on Positive Results:
- Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs): If asthma or chronic respiratory symptoms suspected to assess baseline lung function
- Expanded Allergy Panel: Testing for additional environmental allergens (pet dander, pollen, mold) to identify concurrent sensitivities
- Skin Prick Testing: Confirmatory testing for dust allergen sensitization and assessment of other potential allergens
- Chest X-ray: May be indicated if asthma is present or suspected to rule out other respiratory pathology
- Total IgE Level: Measurement of overall IgE to assess allergic burden and atopic status
- Further Investigations:
- Rhinosinusitis Imaging (CT scan): If chronic rhinosinusitis suspected following positive dust panel results
- Bronchial Provocation Testing: To confirm asthma diagnosis if clinical suspicion exists but spirometry is normal
- Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy Assessment: Evaluation for immunotherapy candidacy in patients with high sensitization levels
- Monitoring Frequency:
- Annual reassessment if initiating immunotherapy to monitor treatment response and IgE level changes
- Repeat testing only if clinical symptoms change significantly or treatment response is inadequate
- Periodic pulmonary function testing for asthmatic patients on a schedule determined by severity and control level
- Related Complementary Tests:
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) with differential: To assess eosinophil levels and check for atopic profile
- Tryptase Level: Baseline measurement useful if anaphylaxis has occurred or is suspected
Fasting Required?
- Fasting Required: No
- This is a serum-based immunoassay test that does not require fasting; patients may eat and drink normally before blood draw
- Special Instructions:
- Avoid antihistamines for 3-5 days before blood draw if skin prick testing is also planned, though not required for serology
- Discontinue corticosteroids if possible 2 weeks prior to testing, but consult physician before stopping any medications
- Inform phlebotomist and laboratory of all current medications, supplements, and recent illnesses
- Blood sample collection: Routine venipuncture into a serum separator tube; no special handling required
- Avoid excessive sun exposure or heat immediately before testing, as this may affect test stability
- Optimal timing: Test results are most reliable when patient has been stable for 4+ weeks after acute allergic reaction or illness
- Wear comfortable, loose-fitting clothing to facilitate easy arm access for phlebotomy

How our test process works!