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Amylase

Pancreas
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Report in 4Hrs

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At Home

nofastingrequire

No Fasting Required

Details

Measures serum amylase enzyme; elevated in acute pancreatitis and salivary gland inflammation.

₹199₹450

56% OFF

Amylase Test Information Guide

  • Why is it done?
    • Measures the enzyme amylase produced by the pancreas and salivary glands that helps break down carbohydrates and starches
    • Primary indication: Evaluating acute or chronic pancreatitis when patients present with abdominal pain, nausea, or elevated pancreatic enzymes
    • Diagnosing salivary gland disorders including sialadenitis, sialoliths, and ductal obstruction
    • Detecting complications of pancreatitis such as pseudocysts, necrosis, or pancreatic insufficiency
    • Monitoring patients with known pancreatic disease or risk factors for pancreatitis
    • Assessing abdominal pain of unknown origin, particularly in emergency or acute care settings
    • Typical timing: Performed when patients present with acute symptoms or during routine monitoring of chronic conditions; often ordered within 24 hours of symptom onset for optimal sensitivity
  • Normal Range
    • Reference Range Values: Typically 30-110 U/L (units per liter) for adults; values may vary slightly by laboratory method and equipment used
    • Some laboratories report range as: 23-85 U/L, 32-104 U/L, or 26-102 U/L depending on assay methodology
    • Unit of Measurement: U/L (International Units per Liter) or IU/L
    • Interpretation - Normal Results: Indicates no acute pancreatic inflammation or damage; pancreas is functioning normally
    • Interpretation - Elevated/High Results: Values >3 times the upper limit of normal strongly suggest acute pancreatitis; mild elevation may indicate other conditions
    • Interpretation - Critically High (>600 U/L): Highly suggestive of severe acute pancreatitis; requires immediate clinical evaluation and intervention
    • Interpretation - Low/Decreased Results: May indicate chronic pancreatitis with significant pancreatic damage or advanced pancreatic insufficiency
  • Interpretation
    • Acute Pancreatitis Diagnosis: Amylase elevates within 6-24 hours of symptom onset, peaks at 24-72 hours, and normalizes within 3-7 days; level correlates poorly with severity
    • Chronic Pancreatitis: May show persistently normal or mildly elevated levels; progressive pancreatic damage may cause decreased amylase production
    • Salivary Gland Disorders: Elevated amylase with normal lipase may suggest salivary origin; P-type (pancreatic) vs S-type (salivary) amylase can be differentiated
    • Amylase-to-Creatinine Clearance Ratio: Ratio >3% supports acute pancreatitis; useful when single serum amylase is borderline
    • Factors Affecting Results - Decreased Amylase: Advanced pancreatic fibrosis, chronic alcoholism, hepatic cirrhosis, pregnancy, and certain malignancies may lower levels
    • Factors Affecting Results - Elevated Amylase: Kidney disease (impaired clearance), diabetic ketoacidosis, intestinal perforation, bowel obstruction, ectopic pregnancy rupture, and macroamylasemia
    • Clinical Significance - Amylase vs Lipase: Lipase is more specific for pancreatic disease and remains elevated longer than amylase; both should be measured together for optimal diagnostic accuracy
    • Macroamylasemia: Persistently elevated amylase with low amylase-creatinine clearance ratio suggests amylase bound to immunoglobulin or other proteins; benign finding
  • Associated Organs
    • Primary Organ System: Pancreas (endocrine and exocrine glands) and salivary glands (parotid, submandibular, sublingual)
    • Acute Pancreatitis Conditions: Gallstone-induced pancreatitis, alcohol-induced pancreatitis, medication-related pancreatitis, hypertriglyceridemia, and idiopathic pancreatitis
    • Chronic Pancreatitis Conditions: Chronic alcohol use disorder, cystic fibrosis, hemochromatosis, pancreatic cancer, autoimmune pancreatitis, and genetic predisposition
    • Salivary Gland Disorders: Sialadenitis (bacterial infection), sialoliths (salivary stones), ductal obstruction, Sjögren's syndrome, and salivary gland tumors
    • Potential Complications from Abnormal Amylase: Pancreatic necrosis, infected pseudocysts, pancreatic insufficiency with malabsorption, pancreatic cancer development (in chronic disease), organ failure, and sepsis
    • Secondary Organ Involvement: Severe pancreatitis may affect kidneys (acute kidney injury), lungs (ARDS), coagulation system, and cardiovascular system leading to shock
  • Follow-up Tests
    • Primary Complementary Test: Serum lipase (more specific for pancreas; remains elevated longer than amylase)
    • Imaging Studies for Acute Pancreatitis: Abdominal ultrasound (initial evaluation), CT abdomen with contrast (severity assessment and complications), MRI/MRCP (biliary imaging)
    • Additional Laboratory Tests: Liver function tests (ALT, AST, bilirubin), glucose, triglycerides, calcium, complete blood count, comprehensive metabolic panel, coagulation studies
    • Specialized Amylase Testing: P-type vs S-type amylase fractionation (to differentiate pancreatic vs salivary origin), amylase-creatinine clearance ratio
    • Chronic Pancreatitis Evaluation: Fecal elastase-1, 72-hour fecal fat test, pancreatic imaging (ultrasound, CT, MRI), endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)
    • Severity Markers: Procalcitonin, C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate, blood urea nitrogen (assess severity and predict outcome)
    • Etiology Investigation: Genetic testing for hereditary pancreatitis, alcohol assessment, gallstone imaging, drug reaction evaluation
    • Monitoring Frequency: Acute pancreatitis: daily monitoring until levels trend down and clinical improvement noted; chronic disease: periodic monitoring (every 3-6 months or as clinically indicated)
  • Fasting Required?
    • Fasting Requirement: No - Fasting is NOT required for amylase testing; test can be performed non-fasting
    • Food and Beverage: Patient may eat and drink normally before testing; no dietary restrictions necessary
    • Water Intake: Patients are encouraged to drink adequate water before testing to maintain hydration and ensure adequate blood volume
    • Medications: Take medications as normally prescribed; no medications need to be held specifically for amylase testing
    • Medications That May Affect Results: Corticosteroids, azathioprine, valproic acid, diuretics, estrogens, and ACE inhibitors may elevate amylase; inform laboratory and physician of all current medications
    • General Patient Preparation: Arrive well-rested, avoid alcohol for 24 hours before testing if possible, wear loose-fitting sleeve clothing for easy blood draw access, remain calm to reduce stress-related physiological changes
    • Acute Pancreatitis Testing: In emergency settings, testing is performed immediately regardless of fasting status when acute symptoms present

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