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Breast mass Biopsy - XL

Biopsy
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Report in 288Hrs

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At Home

nofastingrequire

No Fasting Required

Details

Excision biopsy of extra- Large breast lesion.

₹888₹1,269

30% OFF

Breast Mass Biopsy - XL (Extra Large)

  • Why is it done?
    • Obtains tissue samples from suspicious breast masses or lesions identified on imaging (mammography, ultrasound, or MRI) for definitive pathological diagnosis
    • Determines whether a breast mass is benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous)
    • Classifies specific histopathological diagnosis and characterizes tumor type, grade, and receptor status when malignancy is present
    • Typically performed when imaging findings are suspicious (BI-RADS 4-5), inconclusive, or when clinical examination reveals concerning features
    • XL designation indicates a larger gauge needle device (typically 7-14 gauge) capable of obtaining larger tissue cores for comprehensive sampling
  • Normal Range
    • Normal/Benign Result: Histopathology demonstrates benign breast tissue with no evidence of malignancy. Common benign findings include fibroadenoma, fat necrosis, papilloma, fibrocystic changes, or normal adipose and glandular tissue
    • Positive/Malignant Result: Histopathology reveals malignant cells consistent with breast cancer (invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma, ductal carcinoma in situ, or other histologic subtypes)
    • High-Risk Lesion: Pathology shows lesions with increased malignant potential including atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH), lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS), or papillary lesions with atypia
    • Inconclusive/Insufficient: Biopsy material is inadequate for diagnosis or findings are non-diagnostic, necessitating repeat biopsy or alternative sampling method
  • Interpretation
    • Benign Findings: Indicate no malignancy present; patient can typically resume routine screening. No immediate cancer treatment required. Specific benign diagnosis guides clinical management (e.g., fibroadenomas may be observed or surgically removed; lipomas require no intervention)
    • Malignant Findings: Confirms breast cancer diagnosis. Additional testing determines tumor grade (Nottingham grading system: Grade 1-3), hormone receptor status (ER/PR positive/negative), HER2 status, and molecular subtype to guide treatment planning and prognosis assessment
    • High-Risk Lesions: Require close clinical follow-up, more frequent imaging surveillance (typically every 6-12 months), and may warrant consideration for risk-reduction strategies. ADH and ALH carry approximately 4-5 fold increased lifetime risk of breast cancer; LCIS carries even higher risk (20-25% over 20 years)
    • Factors Affecting Interpretation: Specimen adequacy, proper fixation, patient history of prior breast procedures, presence of calcifications, lesion location and size, imaging characteristics, and pathologist expertise all influence accurate interpretation
    • Diagnostic Accuracy: XL/larger gauge biopsies demonstrate 95-99% sensitivity and specificity for malignancy detection, superior to smaller gauge needles due to increased tissue sampling volume
  • Associated Organs
    • Primary Organ: Breast tissue (mammary gland) composed of epithelial ducts, lobules, stromal tissue, and adipose tissue
    • Related Structures: Axillary lymph nodes (potential metastatic sites), chest wall, pectoral muscles, and skin overlying breast tissue
    • Common Associated Diagnoses - Benign: Fibroadenoma, papilloma, lipoma, fat necrosis, phyllodes tumor (benign), fibrocystic changes, intraductal papilloma, and simple cysts
    • Common Associated Diagnoses - Malignant: Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC/NST), invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC), ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), inflammatory breast cancer, Paget's disease of the nipple, phyllodes tumor (malignant), and lymphoma
    • Potential Complications of Abnormal Results: Metastatic spread to regional lymph nodes, lungs, liver, bones, and brain; systemic cancer progression; increased mortality risk; need for aggressive multimodal therapy (surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy); psychological distress and quality of life impacts
  • Follow-up Tests
    • If Benign Diagnosis: Return to routine screening (annual mammography for most women over 40; baseline ultrasound may be ordered for dense breast tissue); clinical breast examination at annual visits; no further imaging typically required unless new symptoms develop
    • If High-Risk Lesion Diagnosed: Enhanced imaging surveillance (ultrasound or MRI in 6 months, then annually for 2-5 years); repeat biopsy if imaging changes noted; consideration of surgical excision for ADH to rule out co-existing DCIS or invasive disease; genetic counseling and testing if family history concerning; discussion of risk-reduction strategies (tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors, or prophylactic surgery)
    • If Malignancy Confirmed: Immunohistochemistry (ER/PR/HER2 testing); molecular profiling (gene expression panels, genomic testing); staging studies including chest X-ray or CT, bone scan, liver ultrasound or CT, and brain MRI if indicated; surgical oncology consultation; multidisciplinary tumor board discussion; possible neoadjuvant therapy planning
    • Complementary Imaging Studies: Breast MRI for treatment planning and contralateral breast assessment; ultrasound for evaluation of regional lymph nodes; mammography for microcalcification documentation; specimen radiography if biopsied lesion contains calcifications
    • Long-term Surveillance: Cancer survivors require annual clinical evaluation, imaging surveillance per treatment guidelines (typically annual mammography ± MRI), monitoring for recurrence signs, assessment of treatment side effects, and psychosocial support
  • Fasting Required?
    • Fasting Required: No - Fasting is not required for breast biopsy procedures
    • Medications: Discontinue anticoagulants (warfarin, dabigatran, apixaban) 2-5 days prior to procedure per institutional protocol; discontinue antiplatelet agents (aspirin, clopidogrel) 3-7 days before if possible; NSAIDs should be stopped 3-5 days prior; discuss with radiologist and ordering physician regarding specific medications
    • Pre-procedure Preparation: Schedule procedure 1-2 weeks after menstrual period begins (breast tissue less tender); arrange for a companion to drive if sedation will be used; wear comfortable clothing allowing easy breast access; arrive 15 minutes early for registration and consent; discuss any iodine or local anesthetic allergies
    • Other Instructions: Bring insurance cards and photo identification; inform provider of pregnancy or breastfeeding status; disclose all medications, supplements, and herbal products; report recent fever, infection, or immunosuppression; arrange time off work (typically 1-2 days); avoid strenuous activity and heavy lifting for 3-5 days post-procedure; wear supportive bra for several days; ice breast for first 24 hours if needed for discomfort or swelling

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