CBC-Complete Hemogram Test(28)
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Complete blood count evaluating hemoglobin, RBCs, WBCs, and platelets; detects infections, anemia, and hematologic disorders.
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🧪 CBC – Complete Blood Count (28 Parameters)
Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
Sample Type | Blood (Venous) |
Fasting Required | 🚫 Not mandatory (but preferred before meals) |
Organ Systems | Blood, Bone Marrow, Immune System |
Purpose | Evaluate overall health, detect infections, anemia, bleeding disorders, and more |
🩸 What is a CBC Test?
A Complete Blood Count (CBC) measures the major components of blood:
- Red Blood Cells (RBCs)
- White Blood Cells (WBCs)
- Hemoglobin
- Hematocrit
- Platelets
The 28-parameter version gives a detailed breakdown of each blood cell type and their morphology, which helps diagnose or monitor various conditions.
🔍 Key Components in a CBC (28)
🔴 Red Blood Cell (RBC) Parameters
Parameter | Function |
|---|---|
RBC Count | Total number of red blood cells – oxygen carriers |
Hemoglobin (Hb) | Oxygen-carrying protein in RBCs |
Hematocrit (HCT/PCV) | % of blood made up of RBCs |
MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume) | Average size of RBCs |
MCH (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin) | Amount of Hb per RBC |
MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration) | Concentration of Hb in RBCs |
RDW (Red Cell Distribution Width) | Variation in size of RBCs – useful in anemia |
⚪ White Blood Cell (WBC) Parameters
Parameter | Function |
|---|---|
Total WBC Count | Indicates immune response or infection |
Differential Count (DC) | Breaks down WBCs into types: |
- Neutrophils | Fight bacterial infections |
- Lymphocytes | Fight viruses and regulate immunity |
- Monocytes | Clean up dead cells, fight infections |
- Eosinophils | Involved in allergies, parasitic infections |
- Basophils | Release histamine, allergic response |
🟡 Platelet Parameters
Parameter | Function |
|---|---|
Platelet Count | Helps blood clot |
MPV (Mean Platelet Volume) | Average size of platelets |
PDW (Platelet Distribution Width) | Platelet size variation |
📊 Typical Reference Ranges (may vary slightly by lab)
Parameter | Normal Range (Adults) |
|---|---|
Hemoglobin (Hb) | M: 13.5–17.5 g/dL, F: 12–15.5 g/dL |
WBC Count | 4,000 – 11,000 /mm³ |
Platelet Count | 150,000 – 450,000 /mm³ |
Hematocrit | M: 41–53%, F: 36–46% |
RBC Count | M: 4.7–6.1 million/μL, F: 4.2–5.4 million/μL |
MCV | 80–96 fL |
MCH | 27–33 pg |
MCHC | 32–36 g/dL |
RDW | 11–15% |
MPV | 7.5–11.5 fL |
⚠️ Abnormal Results May Indicate:
Condition | CBC Clues |
|---|---|
Anemia | Low Hb, RBC, HCT; High/low MCV or RDW |
Infection | High WBCs, especially neutrophils or lymphocytes |
Leukemia | Very high or low WBCs, abnormal DC |
Bleeding/Clotting issues | Low platelets (thrombocytopenia) |
Vitamin deficiencies | Abnormal MCV, MCH, RDW (e.g., B12, iron deficiency) |
Inflammatory disorders | Elevated WBCs, eosinophils, or platelets |
🔬 Tests Often Done With CBC
Test | Why? |
|---|---|
ESR / CRP | Inflammation marker |
Iron Studies | Diagnose iron deficiency anemia |
Vitamin B12 / Folate | Macrocytic anemia diagnosis |
Peripheral Blood Smear | Visual confirmation of abnormal blood cell shapes |
Reticulocyte Count | Bone marrow response in anemia |
📋 Summary
CBC – Complete Blood Count |
|---|
Type: Blood test |
Sample: Venous blood |
Fasting: Not required |
Checks: RBC, WBC, Platelets |
Use: General health check, anemia, infection, immune status, clotting issues |
How our test process works!
