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CD14

Immunity
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Report in 72Hrs

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No Fasting Required

Details

Flow cytometry panel of immune cell surface markers.

₹2,738₹3,911

30% OFF

CD14 Test Information Guide

  • Why is it done?
    • CD14 is a surface antigen marker found primarily on monocytes and macrophages that functions as a co-receptor for bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) detection and immune response activation
    • Assess immune system function and monocyte status in various clinical conditions
    • Monitor patients with HIV/AIDS to evaluate CD14+ monocyte counts and immune reconstitution
    • Evaluate suspected sepsis, severe infections, and systemic inflammatory conditions
    • Diagnose and classify monocytic leukemias and other hematologic malignancies
    • Assess immune status in patients with recurrent infections or immunodeficiencies
    • Monitor therapeutic responses in immunotherapy and transplantation recipients
  • Normal Range
    • Normal CD14+ Monocyte Count: 200-900 cells/µL or approximately 2-8% of total white blood cells
    • Units of Measurement: Cells/microliter (cells/µL) or percentage (%) of total leukocytes
    • Reference ranges may vary: Depending on laboratory methods, flow cytometry standards, and patient population demographics
    • Elevated CD14 (Monocytosis): >900 cells/µL suggests infection, inflammation, leukemia, or tissue damage
    • Decreased CD14 (Monocytopenia): <200 cells/µL may indicate immunosuppression, HIV/AIDS, bone marrow disorders, or medication effects
  • Interpretation
    • Elevated CD14 Levels: Indicates monocytosis, suggesting acute or chronic infections (bacterial, fungal, viral), chronic inflammatory conditions (rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease), leukemias (monocytic or acute myeloid leukemia), stress response, or tissue necrosis from myocardial infarction
    • Decreased CD14 Levels: Suggests monocytopenia, potentially indicating advanced HIV infection with CD4 count <200, severe immunosuppression, bone marrow failure, congenital immunodeficiencies, or medication-induced agranulocytosis
    • CD14 in HIV/AIDS Monitoring: Decreased CD14+ monocytes correlate with disease progression; CD14 recovery indicates immune reconstitution with antiretroviral therapy
    • CD14 in Sepsis: Elevated soluble CD14 (sCD14) in serum is a marker of systemic inflammation and bacterial endotoxemia; may indicate poor prognosis in sepsis
    • Factors Affecting Results: Medications (corticosteroids decrease CD14), circadian rhythm variations, stress, pregnancy, smoking status, laboratory methodology differences, and patient age
  • Associated Organs
    • Primary Systems: Immune system (monocytes originate from bone marrow), lymphatic system, blood circulation
    • Associated Conditions with Abnormal CD14: HIV/AIDS, acute leukemias (AML, AMOL), chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), tuberculosis, fungal infections, sepsis, endocarditis, chronic osteomyelitis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis
    • Complications of Abnormal Results: Increased susceptibility to infections with low CD14; risk of leukemic progression with elevated CD14 in certain contexts; opportunistic infections in severely immunocompromised patients
    • Organ System Effects: Bone marrow (production site), spleen (storage/maturation), liver (macrophage function), lungs (susceptible to infections), central nervous system (opportunistic infections in immunocompromised)
  • Follow-up Tests
    • Flow Cytometry Panel: Complete immune cell analysis including CD4, CD8, CD3, CD19 to assess comprehensive immune status
    • CD4/CD8 Count and Ratio: Essential in HIV monitoring; assess CD4 count below 200 indicating high infection risk
    • Complete Blood Count (CBC): Evaluate total white blood cell count, absolute monocyte count, and differential
    • Soluble CD14 (sCD14): Serum marker of systemic inflammation; useful in sepsis, bacterial translocation assessment
    • HIV Viral Load and CD4 Count: When CD14 abnormality suggests HIV/AIDS; assess disease progression and antiretroviral therapy efficacy
    • Blood Cultures: If sepsis or bacteremia suspected with elevated CD14
    • Bone Marrow Biopsy: For suspected leukemia or bone marrow disorders; assess CD14+ blast percentage
    • Inflammatory Markers: CRP, ESR, procalcitonin to assess degree of systemic inflammation
    • Monitoring Frequency: HIV patients typically every 3 months; sepsis patients daily; malignancy patients per treatment protocol; post-transplant patients as clinically indicated
  • Fasting Required?
    • Fasting Required: No
    • Food/Beverage Restrictions: None; patient may eat and drink normally before blood draw
    • Medications: Continue regular medications as prescribed; corticosteroids and immunosuppressants may affect results but should not be discontinued without physician approval
    • Patient Preparation: Come rested; avoid strenuous exercise for 24 hours prior if possible; note timing of last stress event or illness
    • Sample Collection: Blood draw via venipuncture into EDTA (purple-top) tube for flow cytometry; blood into SST or plasma separator tubes if serum soluble CD14 testing
    • Special Instructions: If testing for HIV correlation, inform lab of CD4 status; same-day processing recommended for optimal results; note time of collection due to circadian variation

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