Ceruloplasmin
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Used in diagnosis of Wilson’s disease; reflects copper-binding capacity in liver disorders.
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🧪 Ceruloplasmin – Blood Test
Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
Sample Type | Blood (Serum) |
Fasting Required | 🚫 Not required |
Test Method | Nephelometry / Immunoturbidimetry / ELISA |
Primary Organ | Liver |
Primary Use | Screening for Wilson’s Disease, assessing copper metabolism disorders |
🔍 What is Ceruloplasmin?
Ceruloplasmin is a copper-carrying protein made by the liver. About 95% of the copper in blood is bound to ceruloplasmin. It also has oxidase enzyme activity that helps convert iron into its transportable form.
⚕️ Why is the Test Done?
Clinical Use | Purpose |
|---|---|
✅ Wilson's Disease | Confirm low ceruloplasmin + high urinary copper |
✅ Copper Deficiency or Overload | Helps assess metabolism abnormalities |
✅ Chronic Liver Diseases | Monitor liver’s ability to synthesize proteins |
✅ Neurodegenerative Disorders | Used in differential diagnosis (ataxia, tremors, dystonia) |
✅ Menkes Disease (rare) | Helps in pediatric metabolic screening |
📊 Normal Reference Range
Age Group | Ceruloplasmin (mg/dL) |
|---|---|
Adults | 20 – 50 mg/dL |
Children | 15 – 40 mg/dL |
⚠️ Values may vary by lab method.
📉 Low Ceruloplasmin May Indicate:
- Wilson’s Disease 🧬
- Malnutrition
- Liver failure
- Menkes disease (congenital copper transport disorder)
- Nephrotic syndrome
- Protein-losing enteropathy
📈 High Ceruloplasmin May Indicate:
- Pregnancy
- Inflammation (acute-phase reactant)
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Chronic infections
- Certain cancers
- Estrogen therapy (including OCPs)
🔬 Other Tests Done in Conjunction
Test | Why It’s Important |
|---|---|
Serum Copper | To assess total copper levels |
24-Hour Urinary Copper | Elevated in Wilson's disease |
Liver Function Test (LFT) | To evaluate liver’s synthetic ability |
Ophthalmic Exam – Kayser-Fleischer rings | Diagnostic hallmark of Wilson’s disease |
Liver Biopsy – Hepatic Copper | Confirmatory test for Wilson’s disease |
Genetic Testing (ATP7B mutation) | Confirms Wilson’s disease |
🧬 About Wilson’s Disease
- Autosomal recessive disorder affecting copper metabolism
- Copper accumulates in liver, brain, eyes
- Symptoms: tremors, psychiatric issues, liver failure
- Treated with copper chelating agents (penicillamine, trientine)
📋 Summary
Ceruloplasmin – Blood Test |
|---|
Type: Copper-carrying liver protein |
Sample: Serum |
Fasting: Not needed |
Use: Primarily to diagnose Wilson’s Disease |
Low Levels: Suggest Wilson’s, liver disease |
High Levels: Pregnancy, inflammation, estrogen |
How our test process works!
