Chikungunya IgG Rapid antibody

Bacterial/ Viral

Report in 12Hrs

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No Fasting Required

Details

Detects IgG antibodies specific to the Chikungunya virus

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Chikungunya IgG Rapid Antibody Test - Comprehensive Medical Guide

Why is it done?
- Detects IgG antibodies against Chikungunya virus to identify past or recent infection and assess immune response
- Primary indications: Diagnosis of suspected Chikungunya virus infection in patients presenting with fever, joint pain, and rash
- Confirmation of acute or recent Chikungunya infection in symptomatic patients
- Screening in endemic areas or following travel to regions with active Chikungunya transmission
- Typically performed 3-5 days after symptom onset when IgG antibodies are detectable
- Monitoring immunity status in populations with previous exposure or vaccination
- Differentiation from other arboviral infections presenting with similar symptoms (Dengue, Zika)
Normal Range
- Negative Result: < 0.9 Index or Antibody titer <1:80 (varies by platform); indicates no detectable IgG antibodies against Chikungunya virus
- Positive Result: ≥ 1.1 Index or Antibody titer ≥1:80; indicates presence of IgG antibodies and likely past or recent infection
- Borderline/Equivocal: 0.9 - 1.1 Index; results require confirmation with repeat testing or additional diagnostic methods
- Units of Measurement: Index values (0-10+ range), antibody titers (1:40 to 1:160 or higher), or Qualitative (Positive/Negative)
- Clinical Interpretation: Negative results suggest either no infection or very early infection (before antibody formation). Positive results indicate current, recent, or past Chikungunya infection; IgG persists for years providing long-term immunity
Interpretation
- Positive IgG Result: Indicates current or past Chikungunya infection; when combined with clinical symptoms (fever, arthralgia, myalgia, rash), confirms acute infection; persistence indicates immunity from previous infection
- Negative IgG Result: Excludes past infection; if performed in acute phase (<3-5 days), may represent early infection before antibody development; consider IgM testing or viral culture for recent infection
- High Antibody Titers: Suggest recent infection; very high titers indicate strong immune response or very recent infection
- Low Positive Titers: May indicate either past remote infection with waning antibodies or early recent infection
- Factors Affecting Results: Timing of test relative to symptom onset, immunocompromised status, previous Chikungunya exposure, cross-reactivity with other alphaviruses, vaccine history, individual variation in antibody response
- IgG vs IgM: IgG appears after IgM and persists long-term; positive IgG with negative IgM typically indicates past infection; positive IgG with positive IgM suggests recent infection (within 2-3 weeks)
- Clinical Significance: Positive result confirms Chikungunya exposure and typically confers lifelong immunity; negative result in symptomatic patient may warrant repeat testing or alternative diagnostic methods
Associated Organs
- Primary Organ Systems: Musculoskeletal system (joints and muscles), immune system (antibody production), vascular/lymphatic system (viremia and tissue dissemination)
- Common Chikungunya Manifestations: Fever, polyarthralgia (especially small joints of hands/feet/wrists), myalgia, maculopapular rash, lymphadenopathy; can involve skin, eyes, and nervous system
- Severe Complications (uncommon): Myocarditis, hepatitis, encephalitis, meningoencephalitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, uveitis, chorioretinitis, acute kidney injury (primarily in immunocompromised patients)
- Post-infection Syndrome: Persistent arthralgia lasting weeks to months/years affecting wrists, ankles, and knee joints; may lead to chronic joint pain and functional impairment
- Neurological Involvement: Peripheral neuropathy, myelitis, meningitis; neurological complications occur in approximately 1% of cases
- Ocular Complications: Uveitis, anterior chamber inflammation; can potentially lead to vision impairment if untreated
- Maternal-Fetal Complications: Infection during pregnancy, particularly third trimester, may result in vertical transmission with potential neonatal complications
- High-Risk Populations: Elderly patients, immunocompromised individuals, pregnant women, infants, and patients with pre-existing chronic diseases experience more severe manifestations
Follow-up Tests
- Chikungunya IgM Antibody Test: Recommended to differentiate recent infection (positive IgM + positive IgG) from past infection (negative IgM + positive IgG); performed when acute infection suspected
- RT-PCR (Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction): Detects viral RNA in blood; most sensitive within first 3-5 days of illness; recommended for acute phase diagnosis when IgM not yet present
- Dengue IgG/IgM Testing: Recommended to rule out concurrent or alternative dengue infection; similar clinical presentation and geographic overlap in endemic regions
- Zika IgG/IgM Testing: Consider if clinical presentation atypical or patient from Zika endemic region; similar arboviral transmission and overlapping symptoms
- Serum Chemistry Panel: Evaluate liver and kidney function if severe disease suspected or to assess organ involvement in complicated cases
- Complete Blood Count (CBC): Assess for thrombocytopenia, lymphocytosis, or other abnormalities; helpful in differentiating viral infections
- Liver Function Tests (LFTs): Baseline and follow-up if hepatic involvement suspected; includes AST, ALT, bilirubin
- Rheumatoid Factor and Anti-CCP: Consider if persistent arthralgia develops to differentiate from rheumatoid arthritis
- Imaging Studies: MRI or ultrasound if neurological complications (encephalitis) or myocarditis suspected; ophthalmologic examination if ocular involvement
- Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Analysis: Perform lumbar puncture if meningoencephalitis suspected; may show lymphocytic pleocytosis
- Monitoring Frequency: Initial assessment at presentation; repeat IgM at 2-3 weeks if initial negative but high clinical suspicion; monitor symptomatic patients for disease progression; follow-up imaging as clinically indicated for complications
Fasting Required?
- Fasting Requirement: NO - Fasting is not required for Chikungunya IgG rapid antibody testing
- Sample Collection: Simple blood draw from venipuncture; serum or plasma sample collection; approximately 2-5 mL of blood required depending on laboratory protocol
- Timing Considerations: Test can be performed at any time of day; optimal timing is 3-5 days after symptom onset for maximum antibody detection; may be negative in very early infection (<3 days)
- Medications: No specific medications need to be avoided; continue current medications as prescribed; NSAIDs and acetaminophen for symptom management do not interfere with antibody testing
- Patient Preparation: No special preparation required; patient may eat and drink normally; wear loose-fitting, comfortable sleeves to facilitate blood draw; inform phlebotomist of any bleeding disorders or anticoagulant therapy
- Sample Storage: Serum samples should be refrigerated at 2-8°C if not tested immediately; can be stored up to 5 days; avoid freezing unless long-term storage required
- Rapid Test Format: Rapid tests provide results within 10-30 minutes; immunochromatographic or immunofiltration formats allow point-of-care testing; results can be qualitative (Positive/Negative) or semi-quantitative
- Special Instructions: No specific restrictions; inform laboratory of symptoms and travel history to endemic areas; women of childbearing age should report pregnancy status as it may influence test interpretation and follow-up recommendations

How our test process works!