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Culture And Susceptibility, Aerobic(Vitek 2 Compact)

Bacterial/ Viral
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Report in 72Hrs

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At Home

nofastingrequire

No Fasting Required

Details

Identifies bacteria & antibiotic susceptibility.

₹1,036₹1,480

30% OFF

Culture And Susceptibility Aerobic (Vitek 2 Compact) - Comprehensive Test Guide

  • Why is it done?
    • Identifies aerobic bacterial pathogens present in clinical specimens (blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, wounds, respiratory specimens, body fluids)
    • Determines antibiotic susceptibility profiles using the Vitek 2 Compact automated microbiology system for rapid identification and resistance testing
    • Diagnoses suspected bacterial infections to guide targeted antibiotic therapy
    • Monitors treatment efficacy and adjusts antimicrobial regimens based on susceptibility results
    • Ordered when patients present with fever, signs of infection, sepsis, or clinical suspicion of bacterial infection
    • Typically performed at time of clinical assessment when infection is suspected, with results available within 18-48 hours depending on organism growth rate
  • Normal Range
    • Negative/No Growth:
      • Normal result indicating no pathogenic aerobic bacteria detected in the specimen
      • Suggests absence of bacterial infection or successful eradication of infection
    • Positive/Growth Detected:
      • Abnormal result indicating presence of viable aerobic bacteria in clinical specimen
      • Bacterial identification and quantification reported (e.g., organism name, colony forming units/mL when applicable)
    • Susceptibility Reporting:
      • Susceptible (S): Bacteria inhibited by standard antimicrobial agent dosages; organism should respond to therapy
      • Intermediate (I): Organism susceptibility is uncertain; higher antibiotic doses may be required or infection site may limit drug penetration
      • Resistant (R): Bacteria not inhibited by standard antimicrobial agent concentrations; organism unlikely to respond to therapy
    • Units: Colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) or descriptive quantitation (rare, few, moderate, heavy growth)
  • Interpretation
    • No Growth Result:
      • Indicates absence of significant aerobic bacterial infection in collected specimen
      • May reflect successful antimicrobial therapy, viral or fungal etiology, or contamination concerns
    • Positive Culture with Identified Organism:
      • Vitek 2 Compact provides rapid identification using biochemical/enzymatic reactions and species-level determination
      • Common aerobic pathogens identified: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus species, Enterococcus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter, and other gram-positive and gram-negative organisms
    • Susceptible (S) Results:
      • Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) falls below the breakpoint established by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) for that antibiotic
      • Indicates effective antibiotic selection for therapy; organism should be eradicated with standard dosing
    • Intermediate (I) Results:
      • MIC at or near the breakpoint; partial susceptibility indicated
      • Suggests cautious clinical use; higher doses, longer courses, or alternative agents may be considered depending on infection site and severity
    • Resistant (R) Results:
      • MIC exceeds established breakpoint for that antimicrobial agent
      • Indicates organism unlikely to respond to standard therapy; antibiotic should generally be avoided or alternative therapeutics pursued
      • May indicate multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) such as methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing enterobacteria, or carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE)
    • Factors Affecting Results:
      • Specimen quality: Contamination, improper collection, or transport may compromise results
      • Prior antibiotic therapy: May inhibit organism growth or select for resistant strains
      • Media formulation and incubation conditions: Temperature, atmosphere, and medium composition affect organism recovery
      • Mixed cultures: Multiple organisms may complicate interpretation; predominant pathogen identified
  • Associated Organs
    • Primary Organ Systems Involved:
      • Cardiovascular system: Endocarditis, bacteremia, sepsis
      • Respiratory tract: Pneumonia, empyema, lung abscess
      • Urinary system: Pyelonephritis, cystitis, urosepsis
      • Central nervous system: Meningitis, brain abscess, ventriculitis
      • Gastrointestinal system: Peritonitis, appendicitis, diverticulitis, biliary infections
      • Musculoskeletal system: Osteomyelitis, septic arthritis
      • Integumentary system: Wound infections, cellulitis, abscess
    • Commonly Associated Diagnoses:
      • Sepsis and septic shock: Life-threatening systemic inflammatory response to infection
      • Community-acquired infection: Pneumonia, urinary tract infection, skin and soft tissue infection
      • Healthcare-associated infection (HAI): Hospital-acquired pneumonia, central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI), catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI)
      • Postoperative infection: Surgical site infection, intra-abdominal infection
      • Immunocompromised infections: In patients with HIV/AIDS, cancer, neutropenia, or transplantation
    • Potential Complications Associated with Abnormal Results:
      • Delayed therapy: Failure to identify infection or resistance may lead to clinical deterioration and increased mortality
      • Antimicrobial resistance spread: Inappropriate antibiotic use may select for resistant organisms and contribute to nosocomial transmission
      • Organ dysfunction: Sepsis may lead to multi-organ failure if not promptly treated with appropriate antimicrobials
      • Increased morbidity and mortality: Resistant infections carry higher disease burden and poor prognosis
  • Follow-up Tests
    • Direct Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing:
      • E-test or broth microdilution for confirmation of intermediate or resistant results
      • Extended susceptibility panel for uncommon organisms or unusual resistance patterns
      • Genotypic testing: PCR or molecular assays for detection of specific resistance genes (e.g., MRSA detection, ESBL genes, vancomycin resistance)
    • Repeat Culture Collection:
      • Follow-up culture 48-72 hours after initiating antimicrobial therapy to assess treatment response
      • Particularly important for blood cultures in sepsis; clearance indicates effective antimicrobial therapy
    • Serological Tests:
      • Blood cultures: Concurrent collection with other specimens for bacteremia detection in suspected systemic infection
      • Procalcitonin or C-reactive protein (CRP): Non-specific markers of bacterial infection to assess severity and monitor treatment response
    • Imaging Studies:
      • Chest X-ray, CT scan, or ultrasound: Localize infection site and assess for complications (abscess, empyema, loculated fluid)
    • Hematologic Studies:
      • Complete blood count (CBC): Monitor white blood cell count and differential; indicates host inflammatory response
      • Blood chemistry: Assess organ function (renal, hepatic) and metabolic changes related to infection
    • Monitoring Recommendations:
      • Clinical response assessment: Monitor vital signs, fever curve, and symptom resolution over 48-72 hours
      • Repeat cultures if clinical deterioration, persistent fever, or suspected treatment failure occurs
      • De-escalation protocol: Switch to narrow-spectrum antibiotics once organism identification and susceptibility confirmed
  • Fasting Required?
    • No - Fasting is NOT required for specimen collection
    • Specimen Collection Preparation:
      • Blood Culture: Cleanse venipuncture site with 70% isopropyl alcohol or chlorhexidine for 30 seconds and allow to air dry; collect 10-20 mL per blood culture bottle using sterile technique
      • Urine Culture: Collect clean-catch midstream urine or straight catheterization; minimum 1 mL required
      • Respiratory Culture: Collect sputum (not saliva), endotracheal aspirate, or bronchoalveolar lavage as appropriate
      • Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): Collect via lumbar puncture; minimum 1 mL in sterile tube without preservatives
      • Wound/Abscess: Collect purulent material by needle aspiration, swab, or surgical drainage using sterile technique
      • Other Body Fluids: Pleural, peritoneal, synovial fluids collected in sterile containers without additives
    • Timing Considerations:
      • Collect specimen BEFORE initiating antimicrobial therapy when possible for optimal culture yield
      • Transport specimens immediately to laboratory at room temperature (blood cultures) or refrigerated (4°C) depending on specimen type
      • Process specimens within 2 hours of collection for optimal recovery of fastidious or fragile organisms
    • Medications to Avoid Prior to Collection:
      • Ideally, collect culture specimens BEFORE antibiotic initiation; if already on antibiotics, document medication name, dose, and start time on requisition
      • Prior antibiotic therapy may reduce culture sensitivity and may affect susceptibility results
    • Special Patient Instructions:
      • No special patient preparation or fasting required
      • Patient may eat and drink normally unless other medical procedures requiring fasting are planned
      • Communicate clinical information and specimen source clearly to laboratory for appropriate processing and interpretation

How our test process works!

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