Culture & Sensitivity, Aerobic bacteria Blood 2 Aerobic-2 Anaerobic(Vitek 2 Compact)

Bacterial/ Viral

Report in 72Hrs

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No Fasting Required

Details

Identifies bacteria & antibiotic susceptibility.

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Culture & Sensitivity Aerobic bacteria Blood 2 Aerobic-2 Anaerobic (Vitek 2 Compact)

Why is it done?
- Identifies and isolates bacterial pathogens from blood samples to diagnose bloodstream infections (bacteremia and sepsis)
- Determines antimicrobial susceptibility patterns to guide appropriate antibiotic therapy
- Ordered in patients with fever of unknown origin, suspected sepsis, or clinical signs of systemic infection
- Essential for hospitalized patients with unexplained fever, immunocompromised individuals, or those with indwelling catheters
- Typically performed within 24-48 hours of clinical suspicion or when patient presents with systemic inflammatory response
- Multiple sets of cultures may be collected to increase diagnostic yield and assess for contamination
Normal Range
- Normal Result: No growth of microorganisms after 5-7 days of incubation
- Interpretation: Negative culture indicates absence of bacteria in bloodstream; rules out bacteremia and sepsis
- Units of Measurement: Qualitative (Positive/Negative); Colony Forming Units per milliliter (CFU/mL) if quantified
- Positive Result: Bacterial growth detected from blood culture; organism identification and antimicrobial susceptibilities are reported
- Contamination Consideration: Single positive culture may represent contamination (skin flora) versus true bacteremia; clinical correlation essential
Interpretation
- Positive Culture Results: Indicates active bloodstream infection; organism identification allows targeted antibiotic therapy
- Antimicrobial Susceptibility: Results show sensitivity (S), intermediate (I), or resistance (R) to specific antibiotics; guides optimal treatment selection
- Aerobic vs Anaerobic Organisms: Test detects both aerobic (require oxygen) and anaerobic (do not require oxygen) bacteria; anaerobes common in abdominal/GI infections
- Vitek 2 Compact Technology: Automated system providing rapid identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing; results typically available within 4-24 hours of culture positivity
- Clinical Significance: Positive culture in multiple sets highly specific for true bacteremia; single positive may indicate contamination depending on organism identity
- Factors Affecting Results: Improper collection technique, contamination during collection, inadequate sample volume, timing of collection relative to antibiotic administration, and specimen transport conditions affect culture results
Associated Organs
- Primary Systems Involved: Cardiovascular (blood), integumentary (skin entry points), respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary, and immune systems
- Associated Conditions - Positive Culture: Sepsis, bacteremia, endocarditis, meningitis, osteomyelitis, pneumonia with hematogenous spread, urinary tract infection with systemic involvement
- Specific Bacterial Pathogens Associated: Staphylococcus aureus (skin/heart valve), Streptococcus pneumoniae (respiratory), Escherichia coli (gastrointestinal/urinary), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (healthcare-associated), Clostridium difficile and other anaerobes (GI tract origin)
- Potential Complications: Septic shock, multiorgan failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), cardiac valve damage (endocarditis), immune compromise, and mortality if untreated
- Source of Infection: Blood culture organism often indicates primary infection source (respiratory, urinary, gastrointestinal, skin/soft tissue, or intra-abdominal)
Follow-up Tests
- Additional Culture Sites: Urine culture, sputum culture, cerebrospinal fluid culture, wound culture depending on clinical presentation to identify primary source
- Imaging Studies: Echocardiography for endocarditis evaluation, computed tomography (CT) to locate abscess or infection source, X-ray for pneumonia assessment
- Laboratory Monitoring: Complete blood count (CBC), comprehensive metabolic panel, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), lactate, and blood glucose for sepsis assessment
- Inflammatory Markers: C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) for infection severity and treatment response monitoring
- Repeat Blood Cultures: Follow-up cultures after 48-72 hours of appropriate antibiotic therapy to document sterilization of blood and assess treatment efficacy
- Molecular Testing: PCR-based rapid pathogen identification or multiplex assays for faster organism identification if clinical urgency exists
- Extended Susceptibility Testing: Additional testing for vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for resistant gram-positive organisms or carbapenem resistance in gram-negative bacteria
Fasting Required?
- Fasting Required: No
- Special Instructions: Blood culture collection does not require fasting; may be collected at any time regardless of meals
- Collection Timing: Optimal collection when fever is present or patient demonstrates signs of sepsis; timing does not depend on food intake
- Medication Considerations: Collect cultures before initiating antibiotics when possible; if patient already receiving antibiotics, collection should not be delayed as organism may still be recovered
- Preparation Requirements: Proper skin antisepsis with 70% alcohol or chlorhexidine; allow skin to dry completely; collect 10 mL per aerobic bottle and 5-10 mL per anaerobic bottle; use sterile collection technique to prevent contamination
- Specimen Handling: Transport specimens to laboratory immediately at room temperature; do not refrigerate; proper labeling with date and time of collection is essential

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