Culture & Sensitivity, Aerobic bacteria Semen(Vitek 2 Compact)

Bacterial/ Viral

Report in 72Hrs

At Home

No Fasting Required

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Identifies bacteria & antibiotic susceptibility.

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Culture & Sensitivity Aerobic bacteria Semen (Vitek 2 Compact) - Comprehensive Medical Test Guide

Section 1: Why is it done?
- Test Purpose: This test identifies and isolates aerobic bacteria present in semen samples and determines their antibiotic susceptibility using the Vitek 2 Compact automated microbiology system.
- Primary Indications: Evaluation of suspected bacterial prostatitis, urethritis, or seminal vesiculitis
- Clinical Reasons for Ordering: Patients presenting with symptoms of reproductive tract infection, abnormal semen analysis findings, recurrent urinary tract infections, infertility workup with suspected infection, and post-vasectomy reversal complications
- Timing of Testing: Performed when bacterial infection of the male reproductive system is suspected or when semen is to be used for assisted reproductive procedures and bacterial contamination must be ruled out
- Detection of Pathogenic Organisms: Identifies common aerobic bacterial pathogens such as E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, and Enterococcus species
- Antibiotic Guidance: Provides susceptibility data to guide appropriate antimicrobial therapy selection
Section 2: Normal Range
- Normal Result: No growth or negative culture - indicating absence of pathogenic aerobic bacteria
- Reference Range Values: <10,000 colony forming units per mL (CFU/mL) or negative culture is typically considered normal for semen specimens
- Units of Measurement: Colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) or reported as growth present/absent with organism identification
- Interpretation of Results: Negative/No Growth = Normal; indicates semen is free from clinically significant aerobic bacterial contamination
- Abnormal Results: Positive Culture = Abnormal; indicates presence of bacteria (organism identified with organism name and CFU/mL count reported)
- What Normal Means: Healthy semen specimen with no bacterial infection of reproductive tract; semen is safe for use in assisted reproduction procedures
- What Abnormal Means: Bacterial infection present in reproductive tract; requires antibiotic treatment based on sensitivity results
Section 3: Interpretation
- No Growth (Negative Culture): Indicates absence of aerobic bacterial infection; normal finding; semen meets standards for reproductive use
- Organism Identified with Low Colony Count (<10,000 CFU/mL): May represent contamination or low-level infection; clinical correlation needed; repeat testing may be recommended
- Organism Identified with Significant Colony Count (≥10,000 CFU/mL): Indicates clinically significant bacterial infection; antibiotic therapy recommended; sensitivity results guide treatment selection
- Antibiotic Sensitivity Interpretation: Susceptible (S) = organism likely to respond to treatment; Intermediate (I) = uncertain response, consider using if no better alternative; Resistant (R) = organism unlikely to respond, avoid use
- Multiple Organisms: May indicate polymicrobial infection, contamination during collection, or mixed flora; clinical context essential for interpretation
- Common Pathogens Identified: E. coli most common; others include Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus, Proteus, and Streptococcus species
- Factors Affecting Results: Improper specimen collection or contamination, transport conditions and time to laboratory, patient use of antibiotics prior to collection, presence of inflammatory markers in semen
- Clinical Significance: Positive results may explain unexplained infertility, recurrent UTIs, symptoms of prostatitis, or poor semen quality; guides targeted antimicrobial therapy
Section 4: Associated Organs
- Primary Organs Involved: Prostate gland, seminal vesicles, epididymis, vas deferens, urethra, and testicles (male reproductive tract)
- Bacterial Prostatitis: Acute or chronic inflammation of prostate; symptoms include dysuria, perineal pain, urinary urgency, fever; positive culture confirms diagnosis
- Seminal Vesiculitis: Infection of seminal vesicles; often concurrent with prostatitis; may cause hematospermia and infertility
- Epididymitis: Inflammation of epididymis; may result in impaired sperm transport and poor semen parameters
- Urethritis: Infection of urethra; may be gonococcal or non-gonococcal; this test specifically detects aerobic bacteria
- Male Infertility: Bacterial infection can impair sperm motility, viability, and morphology; may contribute to oligozoospermia or azoospermia
- Potential Complications: Chronic pelvic pain syndrome, recurrent urinary tract infections, systemic sepsis if untreated, transmission of infection to sexual partners, chronic prostatitis, and persistent infertility
- Associated Organ Systems: Urinary system involvement common; lymphatic and vascular systems may be affected in severe infections; female partner's reproductive tract at risk if transmission occurs
Section 5: Follow-up Tests
- Repeat Culture After Antibiotic Treatment: Recommended 4-6 weeks after completing antibiotic course to confirm eradication of infection
- Semen Analysis: Comprehensive analysis of sperm count, motility, and morphology; assess impact of infection on semen parameters; repeat after treatment completion
- Urinalysis with Culture: To determine if urinary tract is also infected; identify same organism or different pathogen
- Expressed Prostatic Secretion (EPS) Culture: Targeted collection for suspected prostatitis; may provide additional diagnostic information
- White Blood Cell Count in Semen: Elevated WBC may indicate inflammation/infection; helps assess severity and response to treatment
- STI Panel (if indicated): Testing for Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, or other sexually transmitted infections depending on clinical presentation
- Prostate Ultrasound or MRI: Imaging to evaluate for prostate abscess or structural abnormalities contributing to recurrent infection
- Post-Treatment Monitoring: Clinical symptom assessment at 2-4 weeks; repeat culture if symptoms persist; consider longer antibiotic courses for chronic prostatitis (4-6 weeks)
- Fertility Testing Follow-up: If infertility was presenting complaint, repeat semen analysis 3 months after treatment completion to document improvement
Section 6: Fasting Required?
- Fasting Requirement: No - Fasting is NOT required for this test
- Pre-Collection Instructions: Abstain from sexual activity for 2-5 days prior to collection (recommend 3-5 days for optimal semen quality)
- Antibiotic Restrictions: Avoid antibiotic use for at least 1 week prior to collection if possible (unless actively treating acute infection); notify laboratory if patient is on antibiotics
- Specimen Collection: Semen should be collected by masturbation into a sterile container provided by laboratory; collection typically occurs in laboratory facility or special home collection kit
- Transport Requirements: If collected at home, specimen must be delivered to laboratory within 1 hour of collection at room temperature or as per specific laboratory instructions
- Patient Hygiene: Wash hands and genital area with soap and water before collection; dry thoroughly; first-void urine should be passed before collection
- Container Requirements: Must be sterile, wide-mouth container; non-sterile containers may compromise results and yield false positives due to contamination
- Specimen Labeling: Clearly label container with patient name, date of birth, date and time of collection; provide accurate collection history
- Special Instructions: Notify healthcare provider if using lubricant (use water-based lubricant only, not petroleum-based); avoid commercial contraceptive products which may contain spermicides

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