Dengue -IgM (CLIA)
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Detects Immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies produced in response to a recent dengue virus infection
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🧪 Dengue – IgM (CLIA) Test
📌 What is it?
Dengue IgM CLIA is a blood test used to detect Immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies produced in response to a recent dengue virus infection, using CLIA (Chemiluminescence Immunoassay). This test is particularly useful in the early phase of the illness, after the first few days of symptoms.
💡 Why IgM?
- IgM is the first antibody to appear after an infection.
- It usually becomes detectable around day 4–5 after symptom onset.
- A positive IgM suggests recent or ongoing dengue infection.
🔬 What is CLIA?
CLIA (Chemiluminescence Immunoassay) is an advanced diagnostic method that uses chemiluminescent labels and antibody-antigen binding to detect specific antibodies (like IgM). It offers:
- Higher sensitivity and specificity than rapid tests
- Automated processing
- Quantitative or semi-quantitative results
🕒 When Should You Get Tested?
Days After Symptoms Start | Recommended Test |
|---|---|
Day 0–5 | NS1 Antigen, RT-PCR |
Day 4–7 | IgM (Dengue IgM) |
Day 7+ | IgG, IgM |
🧪 Sample Details
Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
Sample Type | Serum (via blood sample) |
Fasting Required | ❌ No |
Time to Result | 24–48 hours (depends on lab) |
Test Method | Chemiluminescent Immunoassay (CLIA) |
Result Format | Quantitative/Semi-quantitative |
📊 Interpretation of Results
Result | Interpretation |
|---|---|
Negative | Likely no recent infection, or tested too early |
Positive (only IgM) | Likely primary dengue infection in early stages |
Positive (IgM + IgG) | Suggests secondary infection, which may be more severe |
🔗 Other Tests Recommended Alongside
Test | Why |
|---|---|
NS1 Antigen Test | Detects viral proteins in early phase (Day 0–5) |
Dengue IgG (CLIA/ELISA) | Identify past exposure or secondary infection |
CBC with Platelets | Checks for thrombocytopenia and hemoconcentration |
Liver Function Tests (LFT) | To detect dengue-induced liver involvement |
CRP/ESR | Help differentiate from other causes of fever/inflammation |
⚠️ Limitations
- Cannot differentiate between dengue serotypes (DENV-1 to DENV-4)
- False positives possible due to cross-reactivity with other flaviviruses (Zika, Japanese Encephalitis)
- Early testing (< day 4) may result in false negatives
✅ Summary Table
Feature | Details |
|---|---|
Detects | IgM antibodies against dengue |
Indicates | Recent or ongoing dengue infection |
Testing Window | Typically from Day 4 to Day 14 of symptoms |
Method | CLIA (Automated, Sensitive) |
Sample Required | Blood (Serum) |
Fasting Required | No |
How our test process works!
