Dengue NS-1 Antigen (CLIA)
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Test for detecting dengue virus (NS1 antigen or IgM antibodies) in suspected dengue fever cases.
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🧪 Dengue NS1 Antigen – CLIA Test
📌 What is NS1?
NS1 (Non-Structural Protein 1) is a viral protein secreted into the blood during active dengue infection. It is one of the earliest markers of the virus and can be detected as early as Day 1 of fever. The CLIA (Chemiluminescent Immunoassay) method allows for high-sensitivity detection.
⚙️ Test Overview
Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
Test Name | Dengue NS1 Antigen – CLIA |
What it Detects | Dengue viral protein (NS1) |
Technology | CLIA (Chemiluminescent Immunoassay) |
Sample Type | Blood (Serum or Plasma) |
Fasting Required | ❌ No fasting required |
Result Time | 6–24 hours (lab dependent) |
Best Time to Test | Day 1 to Day 5 of illness |
📊 Why is it Important?
- Early detection of dengue before antibodies are formed
- Useful before IgM or IgG antibodies are detectable
- Helpful in initiating early treatment and monitoring
🧭 Result Interpretation
Result | What It Means |
|---|---|
Positive | Active dengue infection – early stage (typically Day 1–5) |
Negative | NS1 antigen not detected; either no dengue or testing done too late (after Day 7) |
🔁 If NS1 is negative but symptoms persist, follow-up with IgM ELISA, IgG, and PCR is recommended.
🧪 Tests to Combine With NS1
Test | Purpose |
|---|---|
CBC with Platelets | Detect low platelet counts, hemoconcentration |
IgM / IgG ELISA | Check for antibodies – helpful after Day 5 |
Liver Function Test | Liver often affected in dengue |
CRP/Procalcitonin | To rule out bacterial co-infection |
Dengue PCR | Confirms active infection and dengue virus serotype (if needed) |
⚠️ Limitations
- Most effective only within the first 5 days of symptom onset
- May give false negatives if tested late
- Rare false positives due to cross-reactivity, though uncommon with CLIA
✅ Quick Snapshot Table
Category | Details |
|---|---|
Test Type | Antigen Detection |
Method | CLIA (high-sensitivity) |
Detection Window | Day 1 to Day 5 of symptoms |
Sample Type | Serum/Plasma |
Result Format | Qualitative (Positive / Negative) |
Clinical Utility | Early diagnosis of dengue |
Fasting Required | No |
📌 When to Use Which Dengue Test?
Day | Recommended Test |
|---|---|
0–5 | NS1 Antigen, Dengue PCR |
4–14 | IgM ELISA |
7+ | IgG ELISA (secondary infection) |
How our test process works!
