Desmoglein III Antibody
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Autoantibodies against Desmoglein III are highly specific for pemphigus vulgaris, a serious autoimmune blistering disorder affecting the skin and mucous membranes
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🧪 Desmoglein III Antibody Test
🧬 What is Desmoglein III?
Desmoglein III is a cell adhesion protein found in the lower layers of the epidermis and mucous membranes. Like Desmoglein I, it is a key component of desmosomes, which hold skin and mucosal cells together.
Autoantibodies against Desmoglein III are highly specific for pemphigus vulgaris, a serious autoimmune blistering disorder affecting the skin and mucous membranes.
🩸 Test Overview
Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
Test Name | Desmoglein III Antibody (IgG) |
Type | Autoantibody detection in serum |
Method | ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) |
Sample | Serum (venous blood) |
Fasting Required | ❌ No |
Turnaround Time | 5–7 days |
Clinical Use | Diagnosing and monitoring pemphigus vulgaris |
🧭 When is the Test Ordered?
This test is ordered when a patient presents with:
- Painful blisters or erosions in the mouth, throat, or genital mucosa
- Flaccid skin blisters or erosions that easily rupture
- Suspected autoimmune blistering skin disease
- Monitoring disease progression or treatment response
🧪 Interpretation of Results
Result | Meaning |
|---|---|
Positive | Presence of autoantibodies against Desmoglein III; strongly suggests pemphigus vulgaris |
Negative | Antibodies not detected; does not rule out all autoimmune skin conditions |
🤝 Disease Associations
Disease | Autoantibodies Typically Present |
|---|---|
Pemphigus vulgaris | Desmoglein III (± Desmoglein I) |
Pemphigus foliaceus | Desmoglein I only |
🔍 Differentiating Pemphigus Forms
Test | Pemphigus Vulgaris | Pemphigus Foliaceus |
|---|---|---|
Desmoglein I Antibody | ± Positive | ✅ Positive |
Desmoglein III Antibody | ✅ Positive | ❌ Negative |
Lesion Type | Deep, flaccid blisters | Superficial, crusted |
Affected Areas | Mucosa & skin | Skin only |
🔗 Additional or Complementary Tests
Test | Purpose |
|---|---|
Desmoglein I Antibody | Distinguish from pemphigus foliaceus |
Skin Biopsy with Direct Immunofluorescence (DIF) | Detect IgG/C3 deposits in skin |
Histopathology | Confirm acantholysis and intraepidermal split |
ANA/ENA Panel | Rule out other autoimmune conditions |
🧾 Summary Table
Feature | Details |
|---|---|
Disease Target | Pemphigus vulgaris |
Antigen | Desmoglein III |
Antibody Class | IgG |
Sample Type | Serum |
Test Type | ELISA |
Fasting Required | No |
Turnaround Time | 5–7 days |
Purpose | Diagnosis, monitoring |
🧭 Suggested Diagnostic Flow (Simplified):
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Mucosal or Skin Blisters?
⬇
Consider Autoimmune Blistering Disease
⬇
➤ Test Desmoglein III and I Antibodies
⬇ ⬇
Dsg III + Dsg I +
→ Pemphigus Vulgaris → Pemphigus Foliaceus
How our test process works!
