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FOOD + DRUG ALLERGY SCREENING TESTS (BY IMMUNO- EIA)

Allergy
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Report in 72Hrs

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At Home

nofastingrequire

No Fasting Required

Details

Screening panels for allergens.

₹4,144₹5,920

30% OFF

FOOD + DRUG ALLERGY SCREENING TESTS (BY IMMUNO-EIA)

  • Why is it done?
    • Test Purpose: This test detects specific IgE antibodies in the blood against common food and drug allergens using Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA) technology to identify hypersensitivity reactions.
    • Primary Indications: Evaluation of suspected food allergies (peanuts, tree nuts, shellfish, fish, milk, eggs, soy, wheat), drug allergies (antibiotics, NSAIDs, anticonvulsants), recurrent allergic reactions, anaphylaxis risk assessment.
    • Clinical Circumstances: When skin testing is contraindicated (active dermatitis, severe atopic dermatitis, antihistamine use, young children), for multiple allergen screening, during pregnancy, in acute phases of illness, or when precise IgE quantification is needed for risk stratification.
  • Normal Range
    • Reference Values: < 0.35 kU/L (kiloUnits per Liter) = Negative (No specific IgE detected) 0.35 - 0.69 kU/L = Class 0 to 1 (Borderline/Very low)
    • Units of Measurement: kU/L (kiloUnits per Liter) or IU/mL (International Units per milliliter). Some labs report as Class 0-6 scale based on IgE concentration.
    • Result Interpretation: Negative (< 0.35) indicates no allergic sensitization. Positive (≥ 0.35) indicates presence of specific IgE antibodies with increasing clinical significance as levels rise. Values may correlate with symptom severity but do not confirm clinical allergy diagnosis.
    • Borderline Values: Results between 0.35-0.69 kU/L may represent low-level sensitization; clinical correlation with symptoms is essential before confirming true allergy.
  • Interpretation
    • Negative Result (< 0.35 kU/L): No specific IgE antibodies detected; allergen is unlikely cause of symptoms. However, does not exclude non-IgE mediated allergies (e.g., food intolerance, delayed reactions, cell-mediated immunity).
    • Low Positive (0.35-0.69 kU/L): Low-level sensitization present; clinical relevance uncertain without symptom correlation. May indicate early sensitization or past exposure.
    • Moderate Positive (0.7-3.5 kU/L): Significant sensitization; likely clinical relevance if symptoms present. Patient may experience mild to moderate allergic reactions upon exposure.
    • High Positive (3.5-17.5 kU/L): High level of specific IgE; strong clinical significance with high probability of allergic reaction. Risk of severe symptoms including anaphylaxis with certain allergens.
    • Very High Positive (> 17.5 kU/L): Very high sensitization with strong predictive value for clinical allergy. Strict avoidance recommended; significant risk of severe anaphylactic reaction.
    • Factors Affecting Results: Recent allergen exposure, concurrent infections, immunoglobulin abnormalities, certain medications (beta-blockers affecting response), sample quality, processing delays, laboratory variability between different assay platforms.
    • Clinical Correlation Essential: Test results must be interpreted alongside patient history, symptoms, timing of reactions, and physical examination findings. Positive serology alone does not diagnose allergy without compatible clinical symptoms.
  • Associated Organs
    • Primary Systems: Immune system (B lymphocytes producing IgE), respiratory tract (asthma, rhinitis), gastrointestinal tract (food allergy reactions), integumentary system (urticaria, angioedema), cardiovascular system (anaphylactic shock).
    • Associated Conditions - Food Allergies: Allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis, oral allergy syndrome, food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis, eosinophilic esophagitis, food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES).
    • Associated Conditions - Drug Allergies: Acute urticaria, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS), Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN), Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS), serum sickness-like reactions, anaphylaxis, fixed drug eruption.
    • Potential Complications: Anaphylactic shock (hypotension, laryngeal edema, bronchospasm), severe angioedema, acute respiratory distress, cardiovascular collapse, laryngeal obstruction, severe gastrointestinal symptoms, secondary aspiration pneumonia.
    • Long-term Organ Effects: Chronic allergic inflammation, remodeling of airways in asthma, eosinophilic inflammation of GI tract, chronic dermatitis from repeated exposures, immunologic sensitization progression.
  • Follow-up Tests
    • Confirmatory Testing: Skin prick testing (SPT) - provides immediate sensitivity assessment with visual reactivity grading; oral food challenge test (OFC) - double-blind, placebo-controlled gold standard for food allergy diagnosis; graded drug provocation test for suspected drug allergies.
    • Extended Allergen Panel: Component-resolved diagnostics (CRD) testing for specific allergenic proteins; cross-reactivity panels for related allergens; expanded drug allergy panel if multiple suspected medications.
    • Additional Immunologic Tests: Total serum IgE level; IgG antibodies (for assessment of food tolerance); IgG4 antibodies (tolerance marker); tryptase levels (mast cell activation assessment); complement levels (C3, C4).
    • Clinical Function Tests: Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) - if respiratory involvement suspected; gastroenterology evaluation with endoscopy if GI symptoms present; electrocardiography if anaphylaxis risk.
    • Diagnostic Imaging: Chest X-ray - to assess for asthma or complications; CT thorax - for severe respiratory allergic disease; abdominal imaging - if GI involvement suspected.
    • Monitoring Frequency: Retest annually if significant clinical changes; retest after immunotherapy to assess tolerance development (IgE decline, IgG4 increase); perform before and after allergen immunotherapy (AIT) to monitor efficacy.
    • Related Tests: Specific IgA levels (assessment of food tolerance); Lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) - for delayed drug reactions; patch testing - for contact dermatitis; basophil activation test (BAT) - for drug hypersensitivity assessment.
  • Fasting Required?
    • Fasting Requirement: NO - Fasting is not required for this test. Blood sample can be drawn at any time of day.
    • Sample Collection: Standard venipuncture with serum separator tube (SST); minimum 2-3 mL of serum required; samples should be refrigerated if not processed within 2 hours; avoid hemolysis.
    • Medication Considerations: Continue regular medications as prescribed - no need to stop. However, if on high-dose corticosteroids or immunosuppressants, inform the laboratory as these may suppress IgE production and affect results. Antihistamines do not interfere with serology.
    • Allergen Avoidance: For most accurate results, avoid the suspected allergen for 2-3 days prior to testing if recently exposed; however, recent exposure does not invalidate test results as IgE remains elevated even after allergen clearance.
    • Special Instructions: No specific preparation needed. Can wear normal clothing; bring insurance card and photo ID. Inform healthcare provider of recent severe allergic reactions, anaphylaxis history, or current symptoms. Notify if patient is pregnant or breastfeeding, though no contraindication exists.
    • Sample Quality: Proper tube collection and handling essential; ensure complete clotting before centrifugation; avoid contamination; expedited processing within 24 hours recommended; samples stable at 2-8°C for up to 7 days.

How our test process works!

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