Gastrectomy Biopsy

Biopsy

Report in 240Hrs

At Home

No Fasting Required

Details

Histology of stomach tissue post-surgery.

₹888₹1,269

30% OFF

Gastrectomy Biopsy - Comprehensive Medical Test Information Guide

Why is it done?
- Test Description: A gastrectomy biopsy involves the collection of tissue samples from the stomach during or after surgical removal of part or all of the stomach. The tissue is examined microscopically to identify malignant cells, benign lesions, inflammatory conditions, and other pathological changes.
- Primary Indications: Confirmed or suspected gastric cancer; evaluation of suspicious gastric ulcers; assessment of gastric lymphoma; evaluation of chronic gastritis; detection of dysplasia or intestinal metaplasia; identification of Helicobacter pylori infection in tissue; assessment of surgical margins for malignancy; evaluation of gastric polyps with malignant potential
- Timing and Circumstances: Performed during diagnostic endoscopy when gastric malignancy is suspected; during surgical gastrectomy when cancer is confirmed; as part of intraoperative tissue examination to determine surgical margins; when preoperative imaging reveals gastric lesions requiring pathological confirmation
Normal Range
- Normal Findings: Normal gastric mucosa with intact epithelial lining; properly differentiated stomach tissue appropriate to sampled region; absence of dysplasia, malignancy, or metaplasia; normal inflammatory cell population; negative for H. pylori organisms
- Benign Findings: Chronic gastritis without dysplasia; benign polyps (hyperplastic, fundic gland); foveolar hyperplasia; intestinal metaplasia (may require monitoring); benign scarring from previous ulceration
- Result Interpretation: Negative/Normal = No malignancy or dysplasia identified; tissue shows normal histological architecture; Positive = Presence of malignant cells, dysplasia, or other significant pathology requiring clinical intervention
- Units of Measurement: Qualitative pathological assessment; tissue grade/stage if malignancy identified; TNM staging classification applied to gastric cancers (Tumor size, Nodal involvement, Metastasis)
Interpretation
- Adenocarcinoma (Most Common): Presence of malignant glandular cells; indicates gastric cancer requiring staging with CT imaging and possible chemotherapy/radiation; prognosis depends on tumor grade and stage; intestinal type vs diffuse type classification affects treatment planning
- High-Grade Dysplasia: Precancerous cellular changes with significant architectural disorganization; high risk of progression to cancer (20-40% within 2 years); typically managed with endoscopic resection or gastrectomy; close surveillance recommended
- Low-Grade Dysplasia: Mild abnormal changes; lower malignant potential than high-grade dysplasia; surveillance endoscopy recommended every 6-12 months; endoscopic resection considered for visible lesions
- Intestinal Metaplasia: Replacement of normal stomach lining with intestinal-type epithelium; associated with H. pylori infection and chronic gastritis; modest increased cancer risk (0.1-0.3% annually); requires periodic surveillance and H. pylori eradication
- H. pylori Positive: Bacterial presence confirmed; indicates active infection or colonization; associated with chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and increased gastric cancer risk; triple or quadruple antibiotic therapy recommended; follow-up testing after treatment
- Gastric Lymphoma: Identification of lymphoid proliferation; may be MALT lymphoma or diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; staging studies and oncology consultation required; prognosis and treatment vary by lymphoma type
- Factors Affecting Results: Biopsy location and depth of sampling; tissue fixation and processing quality; presence of cautery artifact; prior therapy effects; sampling error if lesion missed; pathologist experience in gastric pathology; immunohistochemistry availability for confirmation
Associated Organs
- Primary Organ System: Gastrointestinal system, specifically the stomach (gastric tissue); mucosa, submucosa, muscularis propria layers involved
- Associated Conditions with Abnormal Results: Gastric adenocarcinoma (intestinal or diffuse type); gastric lymphoma (MALT or diffuse large B-cell); gastric ulcers with malignant transformation; chronic atrophic gastritis; metaplastic changes; dysplastic lesions; Helicobacter pylori infection and associated diseases; familial hereditary gastric cancer syndromes
- Related Organ Systems Affected: Regional lymph nodes (involvement affects staging); liver (metastatic disease); peritoneum (peritoneal carcinomatosis); esophagus and duodenum (direct extension); pancreas (local invasion risk); spleen (may require removal during total gastrectomy)
- Potential Complications of Abnormal Results: Malnutrition from gastric surgery or cancer; anemia from chronic bleeding; obstruction of gastric outlet; perforation of gastric wall; metastatic spread to distant organs; post-gastrectomy dumping syndrome; nutritional deficiencies (B12, iron, calcium); anastomotic complications; chemotherapy toxicity
Follow-up Tests
- If Malignancy Confirmed: CT chest/abdomen/pelvis (staging and metastasis detection); endoscopic ultrasound (depth of invasion assessment); PET-CT (metastatic disease evaluation); tumor marker testing (CEA, CA 19-9); liver function tests; oncology consultation for treatment planning; genetic testing if hereditary cancer syndrome suspected
- If H. pylori Positive: Antibiotic therapy initiation (triple or quadruple regimen); urea breath test or stool antigen test 4 weeks after treatment completion; repeat endoscopy with biopsy if symptoms persist after eradication; family member screening and treatment
- If Dysplasia Identified: Repeat endoscopy with high-definition imaging within 3-6 months; endoscopic resection or mucosal ablation if focal lesion; surveillance endoscopy every 6-12 months for indefinite follow-up; consideration for prophylactic gastrectomy in selected cases
- If Intestinal Metaplasia Identified: H. pylori testing and eradication if positive; surveillance endoscopy every 1-3 years depending on extent; PPI therapy may be considered; management of GERD symptoms; dietary modifications and lifestyle changes
- Post-Gastrectomy Monitoring: Regular laboratory work (CBC, comprehensive metabolic panel, B12 and iron levels); imaging surveillance (CT scans every 6-12 months for 2-3 years); endoscopic surveillance based on margins and residual disease; nutritional supplementation and assessment; weight monitoring and dietary support
- Complementary Diagnostic Tests: Immunohistochemistry (HER2 status, microsatellite instability); molecular testing (NTRK, FGFR2 fusions); serology for H. pylori antibodies; urea breath test; stool antigen test; multiplex PCR testing; gene expression profiling in specialized centers
Fasting Required?
- Fasting Status: YES - Fasting is required prior to endoscopic biopsy procedures
- Fasting Duration: Minimum 6-8 hours before upper endoscopy; preferably overnight fasting (10-12 hours); for surgical gastrectomy with biopsy, standard pre-operative NPO status applies (typically 6-12 hours depending on anesthesia guidelines)
- Specific Instructions: No solid foods after midnight before procedure; clear liquids may be permitted 2-4 hours prior (water, apple juice, black coffee without cream); no milk, dairy, or fatty foods; complete NPO status (nothing by mouth) 4-6 hours immediately before procedure; inform provider of allergies or sensitivities
- Medications to Avoid or Continue: Hold anticoagulants (warfarin, apixaban) 3-5 days prior per provider; hold antiplatelet agents (aspirin, clopidogrel) 5-7 days prior unless high-risk cardiac patient; continue essential cardiovascular medications with small sip of water; hold iron supplements 2-3 days before procedure; NSAIDs should be discontinued 7 days prior; consult anesthesia regarding other medications
- Additional Patient Preparation: Arrange for responsible adult to provide transportation post-procedure (sedation used); wear comfortable, loose-fitting clothing; remove dentures, contact lenses, jewelry; sign informed consent after discussing risks (bleeding, perforation, infection); report if pregnant or nursing; inform provider of any prosthetics or implanted devices; arrange for post-operative diet instructions

How our test process works!