Hba1c (Whole Blood)
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Measures average blood glucose over the past 2–3 months; essential for diabetes diagnosis and monitoring.
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🧪 What is HbA1c (Whole Blood)?
HbA1c (Hemoglobin A1c) is a form of hemoglobin that is chemically linked to glucose. It reflects the average blood glucose levels over the past 2–3 months, making it a reliable marker for diagnosing and monitoring diabetes mellitus.
The test is performed on whole blood (usually from a venous or finger-prick sample).
❓ Why is the HbA1c Test Done?
To:
- Diagnose diabetes and prediabetes
- Monitor long-term glucose control in people with known diabetes
- Assess risk of diabetic complications (neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy)
- Guide therapy decisions (medication, insulin, lifestyle changes)
📊 Normal Ranges
HbA1c (%) | Interpretation |
|---|---|
< 5.7% | Normal (non-diabetic) |
5.7% – 6.4% | Prediabetes (increased risk of diabetes) |
≥ 6.5% | Diabetes mellitus (diagnostic if confirmed) |
Target for diabetics | < 7.0% (individualized based on age/comorbidities) |
🔎 Values are standardized to NGSP/DCCT and aligned with ADA and WHO criteria.
📈 Interpretation of Results
HbA1c (%) | Estimated Avg Glucose (mg/dL) |
|---|---|
5.0% | ~97 mg/dL |
6.0% | ~126 mg/dL |
7.0% | ~154 mg/dL |
8.0% | ~183 mg/dL |
9.0% | ~212 mg/dL |
10.0% | ~240 mg/dL |
Note: Conditions like anemia, hemoglobin variants, or recent transfusions may affect accuracy.
🧠 Associated Organs & Conditions
Organ/System | Related Conditions |
|---|---|
Pancreas | Diabetes mellitus (Type 1, Type 2) |
Kidney | Diabetic nephropathy |
Eyes | Diabetic retinopathy |
Nerves | Diabetic neuropathy |
Cardiovascular | Increased risk of heart disease with high HbA1c |
Blood | Hemoglobinopathies, anemia (may falsely alter results) |
🔄 Related / Follow-Up Tests
- Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS)
- Postprandial Blood Sugar (PPBS)
- Random Blood Glucose
- C-Peptide / Insulin Levels
- Microalbuminuria – early kidney damage
- Lipid Profile – for metabolic syndrome
- Retinal exam, foot exam, urine protein – diabetes management
✅ Fasting Required?
Test | Fasting Requirement |
|---|---|
HbA1c (Whole Blood) | ❌ No fasting required — can be done any time of day |
📝 Summary Table
Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
What | Measures % of glycated hemoglobin to reflect average glucose over 2–3 months |
Why | Diagnose and monitor diabetes or prediabetes |
Normal Range | < 5.7% (non-diabetic) |
Prediabetes | 5.7% – 6.4% |
Diabetes | ≥ 6.5% (diagnostic if confirmed) |
Monitoring Goal | < 7.0% (customized per patient) |
Follow-up Tests | FBS, PPBS, insulin, microalbuminuria, lipid profile |
Fasting Required | ❌ No |
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