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Hepatitis B Profile

Liver

5 parameters

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Report in 48Hrs

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At Home

nofastingrequire

No Fasting Required

Details

Viral hepatitis screening panel.

₹2,999₹3,999

25% OFF

Parameters

  • List of Tests
    • HBeAg
    • HBsAg
    • AHBe
    • Anti-HBs Titre
    • Anti HBc - IgM

Hepatitis B Profile

  • Why is it done?
    • The Hepatitis B Profile is a comprehensive serological screening tool designed to detect current, past, or chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and assess immunity status
    • HBsAg (Hepatitis B surface antigen) detects active viral infection or carrier status; HBeAg indicates high viral replication and infectivity; Anti-HBe suggests lower viral load; Anti-HBs and Anti-HBc-IgM determine immunity and infection stage
    • Indicated for screening asymptomatic individuals with risk factors (healthcare workers, dialysis patients, sexual contacts of HBsAg-positive persons)
    • Used to diagnose acute Hepatitis B infection in patients presenting with jaundice, fatigue, or elevated liver enzymes
    • Essential for identifying chronic HBV carriers who require long-term monitoring and potential antiviral therapy
    • Recommended for pregnant women to prevent mother-to-child transmission; newborns born to HBsAg-positive mothers require prophylaxis
    • Verifies vaccine response and determines need for additional vaccination doses in previously vaccinated individuals
    • Required before organ transplantation, chemotherapy, or immunosuppressive therapy initiation
  • Normal Range
    • HBsAg (Hepatitis B Surface Antigen): Negative or <0.05 IU/mL (absence of current or chronic HBV infection)
    • HBeAg (Hepatitis B e antigen): Negative or <0.5 fmol/L (indicates lower infectivity and viral replication)
    • Anti-HBe (Antibody to Hepatitis B e antigen): Negative or <0.5 fmol/L (generally indicates resolution phase or low viral replication)
    • Anti-HBs Titre (Antibody to Hepatitis B Surface Antigen): >10 mIU/mL indicates protective immunity; 10-100 mIU/mL is considered protective; <10 mIU/mL suggests non-immunity or waning immunity
    • Anti-HBc-IgM (IgM Antibody to Hepatitis B Core Antigen): Negative or <0.1 index (absence of acute or recent HBV infection)
    • Normal profile in uninfected, unvaccinated individuals: All markers negative (HBsAg-, Anti-HBc-, Anti-HBs-, HBeAg-, Anti-HBe-)
    • Normal profile in vaccinated individuals: Anti-HBs positive (>10 mIU/mL), all other markers negative
  • Interpretation
    • HBsAg Positive: Indicates current HBV infection (acute or chronic); patient is potentially infectious and can transmit virus through blood and body fluids; requires immediate physician notification and further evaluation
    • HBeAg Positive (with HBsAg positive): Indicates high viral replication rate and high degree of infectivity; patient is highly contagious and poses significant transmission risk
    • HBeAg Negative (with HBsAg positive): May indicate lower viral replication, HBeAg-negative chronic HBV, or recovery phase; viremia may still be present; infectivity is lower but not absent
    • Anti-HBe Positive: Generally suggests lower infectivity state; may be seen in chronic HBV carriers or during recovery; HBV DNA testing recommended for definitive assessment
    • Anti-HBs Titre >10 mIU/mL: Indicates protective immunity; patient is immune to HBV infection from vaccination or past resolved infection
    • Anti-HBs <10 mIU/mL: Indicates non-protective immunity level; vaccination or booster required; patient may be susceptible to infection
    • Anti-HBc-IgM Positive: Indicates acute HBV infection (primary infection); suggests recent infection within 1-6 months; important for distinguishing acute from chronic infection
    • Anti-HBc-IgM Negative (with HBsAg positive): May indicate chronic HBV infection, recovered infection, or false HBsAg positivity; additional testing with Anti-HBc-IgG recommended
    • Interpretation patterns: Acute infection shows HBsAg+, Anti-HBc-IgM+; Chronic infection shows HBsAg+, Anti-HBc-IgM-; Recovered immunity shows Anti-HBs+, Anti-HBc+; Vaccination-induced shows Anti-HBs+ only
    • False positives may occur with: Recent HBV vaccination, cross-reactivity in certain laboratory conditions, or presence of anti-HBc in blood donors with occult HBV
    • Window period (4-10 weeks): HBsAg may be undetectable while Anti-HBc-IgM becomes positive; rare but represents early acute infection
  • Associated Organs
    • Primary organ: Liver - HBV directly infects and replicates in hepatocytes, causing inflammation and hepatocellular injury
    • HBsAg positivity indicates active HBV replication in hepatocytes; high levels correlate with active viral replication and liver inflammation
    • HBeAg and Anti-HBe reflect the viral replication status; HBeAg presence indicates active viral reproduction within hepatocytes and higher risk of liver damage
    • Chronic HBV infection can lead to: cirrhosis (progressive fibrosis and scarring of liver tissue), hepatic decompensation with ascites and portal hypertension
    • Increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in chronic HBsAg-positive patients, particularly HBeAg-positive individuals
    • Acute HBV infection (Anti-HBc-IgM positive) causes acute hepatitis with acute hepatic inflammation, elevated transaminases, and potential fulminant hepatic failure in severe cases
    • Secondary organs affected: Immune system - Anti-HBs and Anti-HBc represent immune response; successful immunity shown by Anti-HBs presence
    • Extrahepatic manifestations possible: glomerulonephritis, vasculitis, and arthralgias associated with chronic HBsAg positivity
    • Anti-HBs Titre assessment critical for assessing immune competence; low or absent Anti-HBs indicates need for vaccination or booster to prevent infection
  • Follow-up Tests
    • If HBsAg Positive: HBV DNA (quantitative PCR) - essential to determine viral load and guide antiviral therapy decisions; differentiates active viral replication from non-infectious carriers
    • If HBsAg Positive: Liver function tests (AST, ALT, bilirubin, ALP, albumin) - assess degree of hepatic inflammation and synthetic function
    • If HBsAg Positive: Hepatitis D (Delta) serology - important as HDV co-infection worsens prognosis; check Anti-HDV and HDV RNA if positive
    • If HBsAg Positive: Hepatitis C serology (Anti-HCV) and Hepatitis A serology - screen for co-infections that alter disease course
    • If HBsAg Positive: Liver biopsy or transient elastography (FibroScan) - assess degree of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis; non-invasive ultrasound elastography preferred initially
    • If Anti-HBc-IgM Positive: Repeat HBsAg and Anti-HBc-IgM at 2 weeks if initial results borderline; detects window period infection; consider HBV DNA testing
    • If Anti-HBc-IgM Positive: Monitor for progression to chronic infection; follow-up HBsAg testing at 6 months to confirm clearance in acute infection
    • If Anti-HBs <10 mIU/mL: Hepatitis B vaccination series recommended (3-4 doses); check response 4-8 weeks after final dose by rechecking Anti-HBs Titre
    • If Anti-HBs Titre Borderline (10-100 mIU/mL): Monitor periodically; may receive booster vaccination based on clinical scenario and exposure risk
    • Chronic HBsAg-positive patients: Annual ultrasound for HCC surveillance if cirrhosis present; AFP (alpha-fetoprotein) screening every 6 months
    • Chronic HBsAg-positive patients: Repeat HBV serology every 6-12 months to monitor for HBeAg seroconversion; HBV DNA testing every 6-12 months if not on therapy
    • Contact tracing: Screen household contacts and sexual partners; test family members for HBsAg and vaccinate if negative and Anti-HBs negative
  • Fasting Required?
    • No fasting is required for the Hepatitis B Profile serological tests
    • Blood sample can be collected at any time of day without dietary restrictions
    • No need to avoid medications; continue all regular medications unless specifically instructed otherwise by physician
    • Serological markers are stable and not affected by food or fluid intake
    • Standard venipuncture using gold-top serum separator or red-top tube required; follow facility-specific phlebotomy protocols
    • Samples stable at room temperature for 24 hours; refrigeration at 2-8°C recommended for longer storage (up to 5 days)
    • No special preparation needed; patient may arrive for testing at any time
    • Recent alcohol consumption does not affect test results; however, alcohol restriction is recommended for patients with confirmed HBV for overall liver health

How our test process works!

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