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HLA Typing Panel A, B (Class I) and DR loci (Class II) by SSOP Luminex
Immunity
Report in 72Hrs
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No Fasting Required
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Genetic HLA matching.
₹14,060₹20,086
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HLA Typing Panel AB (Class I) and DR loci (Class II) by SSOP Luminex
- Why is it done?
- Identifies specific Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) alleles present on an individual's cells, which are crucial for immune recognition and transplant compatibility
- Organ and tissue transplantation: Determines donor-recipient HLA matching to reduce rejection risk in kidney, heart, liver, lung, and pancreas transplants
- Bone marrow and stem cell transplantation: Essential for matching between donors and recipients to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and graft rejection
- Diagnosis of HLA-associated diseases: Identifies genetic predisposition to conditions such as ankylosing spondylitis, celiac disease, type 1 diabetes, and other autoimmune disorders
- Paternity and kinship testing: Establishes biological relationships between individuals through HLA allele analysis
- Immunosuppression management: Helps guide therapeutic immunosuppression protocols in transplant patients based on HLA profile
- Transfusion medicine: Identifies HLA alloimmunization risk in frequently transfused patients
- Normal Range
- HLA typing results are reported as specific allele combinations rather than numerical values, as this is qualitative rather than quantitative testing
- Normal Result: Identification of two Class I HLA alleles (one from each parent) for HLA-A, HLA-B loci, and two Class II HLA alleles for the HLA-DR locus. Examples: HLA-A*02:01/A*24:02, HLA-B*35:01/B*44:02, HLA-DR*04:01/DR*15:01
- All individuals have HLA types; there are no "abnormal" HLA results. Rather, results indicate specific allelic combinations present in the individual
- Interpretation depends on clinical context: In transplantation, more matched alleles between donor and recipient correlates with better outcomes; in disease association studies, presence of specific alleles indicates increased disease susceptibility
- Resolution level: This SSOP Luminex method typically provides intermediate resolution (4-digit) typing for accurate transplant matching and disease association studies
- Interpretation
- Transplant Matching: Results are compared between donor and recipient to calculate the number of HLA-matched loci. A higher number of matched alleles (ideally 6/6 match at HLA-A, -B, and -DR loci) indicates lower rejection risk. Mismatches predict increased alloimmunization and graft rejection probability.
- Disease Association: Presence of specific HLA alleles is associated with increased risk for certain autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. For example, HLA-B*27 is strongly associated with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), HLA-DQ2 and DQ8 with celiac disease, and HLA-DQ2/DQ8 with type 1 diabetes.
- Positive HLA Disease Association: Patient carries the disease-associated allele(s), indicating genetic predisposition. However, not all carriers develop the disease; presence indicates risk, not diagnosis.
- Negative HLA Disease Association: Patient does not carry the disease-associated allele, which may help exclude certain diagnoses or indicate lower genetic risk.
- Factors Affecting Interpretation: Population genetics (HLA frequencies vary by ethnicity), linkage disequilibrium (certain alleles occur together), and epistatic effects (gene-gene interactions). SSOP Luminex provides accurate intermediate resolution suitable for clinical decision-making.
- Class I vs Class II: HLA-A and HLA-B are Class I molecules (on all nucleated cells, critical for CD8+ T cell recognition); HLA-DR is Class II (on antigen-presenting cells, critical for CD4+ T cell recognition). Both classes are important in transplant rejection and autoimmune disease.
- Associated Organs
- Primary Systems: Immune system (HLA is expressed on all immune cells), integumentary system (skin), gastrointestinal system, musculoskeletal system, endocrine system
- Organ Transplant Outcomes: HLA typing is essential for kidney, heart, liver, lung, pancreas, and intestinal transplants. Poor HLA matching increases risk of acute and chronic rejection, requiring higher immunosuppression doses.
- HLA-Associated Autoimmune Diseases: Ankylosing spondylitis (HLA-B*27), rheumatoid arthritis (HLA-DR4), systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren's syndrome, type 1 diabetes mellitus (HLA-DQ2/DQ8), celiac disease (HLA-DQ2/DQ8), Graves' disease, pemphigus vulgaris
- HLA-Associated Infectious Disease Susceptibility: Certain HLA types predispose to or protect from HIV progression, chronic hepatitis B and C infection, and other viral infections
- Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD): HLA mismatches in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation increase GVHD risk, affecting skin, liver, and gastrointestinal tract
- Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions: Certain HLA types increase risk of severe reactions to specific medications (e.g., HLA-B*5701 with abacavir, HLA-A*31:01 with carbamazepine)
- Follow-up Tests
- For Transplant Candidates: HLA antibody panel (to detect donor-specific antibodies), cross-matching with donor HLA typing, complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) test, flow cytometric cross-match (FCXM), Luminex single antigen bead assay for sensitized patients
- For Disease Association Investigation: If HLA-B*27 positive with clinical features: imaging studies (X-ray, MRI of spine), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), anti-TNF alpha therapy response assessment If HLA-DQ2/DQ8 positive with GI symptoms: tissue transglutaminase (tTG) antibodies, anti-endomysial antibodies, small bowel endoscopy with biopsy
- For Post-Transplant Monitoring: Periodic HLA antibody panels (de novo DSA development), donor-specific antibody (DSA) monitoring, allograft function tests, protocol biopsies to assess rejection
- For HSCT Patients: HLA typing of related and unrelated donor candidates, high-resolution typing for closely matched donors, minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring post-transplant, chimerism analysis
- For Drug Hypersensitivity Risk: If high-risk HLA type identified, consider alternative medications or desensitization protocols; pharmacogenomic counseling
- Related Testing: Extended HLA typing (additional loci like HLA-C, DQ, DP for refined matching), NK cell alloreactivity assessment, HLA-B Bw4/Bw6 genotyping
- Fasting Required?
- No fasting required
- HLA typing is performed on a blood sample and is not affected by food or fluid intake, making fasting unnecessary
- Sample Collection Requirements: Whole blood collected in EDTA (lavender top tube) or appropriate anticoagulant tube as specified by laboratory; typically 5-10 mL
- Patient Preparation: No special preparation needed. Patient should wear comfortable, loose-fitting clothing with easily accessible arm veins. Inform phlebotomist of any recent transfusions or transplants (may affect results).
- Medications: No medications need to be avoided for this test. Continue all regular medications as prescribed.
- Important Notes: Results may be affected by recent blood transfusions or recent bone marrow/stem cell transplant (mixed chimerism); inform laboratory of relevant clinical history. Sample must be properly labeled with patient identifiers. Maintain sample integrity during transport and storage according to laboratory specifications.
How our test process works!
