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🧪 What is Interleukin-6 (IL-6)?

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine produced by immune cells such as macrophages, T-cells, B-cells, and other tissues in response to infections, inflammation, trauma, or tumors.

IL-6 plays a key role in immune response regulation, acute phase response, and autoimmune activation.
Excess IL-6 levels indicate systemic inflammation and can guide the severity of inflammatory or infectious diseases.

❓ Why is the IL-6 Test Done?

To evaluate systemic inflammation or cytokine storm
To monitor severe COVID-19, sepsis, or ARDS
As a prognostic marker in autoimmune conditions (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, lupus)
To assess cancer-related inflammation
To help diagnose inflammatory or infectious diseases where traditional markers may lag

📊 Normal Range

Population	IL-6 Normal Range
Healthy adults	< 7 pg/mL (typical lab range)
Mild inflammation	7–20 pg/mL
Severe inflammation or cytokine storm	> 50–100 pg/mL and above

Ranges may vary slightly depending on the lab methodology (ELISA, CLIA, etc.)

📈 Interpretation of Results

IL-6 Level	Interpretation
< 7 pg/mL	Normal; no significant inflammation
7–30 pg/mL	Mild inflammation, viral infection, autoimmune condition
30–100 pg/mL	Active inflammatory disease, severe infection, or early cytokine activation
>100 pg/mL	Suggests cytokine storm, sepsis, ARDS, or autoimmune flare
>500 pg/mL	Seen in severe COVID-19, hyperinflammatory states, and cancer cytokine storms

🧠 Associated Organs & Conditions

System/Organ	Associated Conditions
Immune system	Autoimmune diseases (RA, lupus, Still’s disease)
Lungs	COVID-19, pneumonia, ARDS
Liver (indirectly)	Acute phase protein synthesis (CRP, fibrinogen)
Infectious diseases	Bacterial sepsis, dengue, typhoid, tuberculosis
Oncology	Lymphomas, multiple myeloma, prostate and breast cancer (tumor inflammation)

🔄 Related / Follow-Up Tests

CRP (C-Reactive Protein)
Procalcitonin – Bacterial sepsis marker
Ferritin – Often elevated in hyperinflammatory states
CBC with Differential
D-Dimer – Coagulopathy in severe inflammation
TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8 (in advanced immunological panels)
COVID-19 RT-PCR/Antigen – if pandemic-related cytokine storm is suspected

✅ Fasting Required?

Test	Fasting Requirement
IL-6	❌ Not required

📝 Summary Table

Parameter	Details
What	Cytokine involved in immune and inflammatory responses
Why	Diagnose and monitor systemic inflammation and cytokine storm
Normal Range	< 7 pg/mL
High Values	Seen in sepsis, COVID-19, RA, lupus, malignancies
Follow-up Tests	CRP, Procalcitonin, Ferritin, D-Dimer, CBC
Associated Conditions	Autoimmune diseases, sepsis, viral infections, cancers
Fasting Required	❌ No

Interleukin 6 IL6

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