Leptospira IgG Rapid

Bacterial/ Viral

Report in 8Hrs

At Home

No Fasting Required

Details

Detects leptospira DNA.

₹333₹476

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Leptospira IgG Rapid Test Information Guide

Why is it done?
- Detects IgG antibodies against Leptospira bacteria in blood serum, indicating current or past leptospirosis infection
- Diagnosis of leptospirosis in patients presenting with fever, jaundice, renal failure, or pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome (Weil's disease)
- Evaluation of patients with flu-like illness and epidemiological risk factors such as occupational exposure (farmers, veterinarians, sewage workers) or environmental exposure (contaminated water)
- Confirmation of leptospirosis diagnosis after positive IgM screening
- Performed typically after the first week of symptom onset when IgG antibodies become detectable
Normal Range
- Reference Range: Negative or <1:400 (varies by laboratory and method used)
- Units of Measurement: Titer or semi-quantitative units
- Negative Result: No detectable IgG antibodies to Leptospira; indicates absence of current or past infection, or test performed too early in illness (before IgG develops)
- Positive Result: ≥1:400 or higher; indicates current or past Leptospira infection
- Borderline/Equivocal: Results just above or below cutoff may require repeat testing or paired sera comparison
- IgG indicates past or chronic infection; presence suggests immunity or previous exposure to Leptospira serovars
Interpretation
- Positive IgG (≥1:400 or higher): Suggests current or recent infection, particularly if clinical symptoms present; indicates convalescent or chronic phase of disease; helps confirm leptospirosis diagnosis when paired with positive IgM
- Negative IgG (<1:400): May indicate no infection, very early acute phase (before antibody development), or false negative; early in disease course, IgM appears before IgG
- Four-fold Rise in Titer: Comparing acute and convalescent sera; a four-fold increase is diagnostic of acute leptospirosis infection
- Clinical Context Matters: IgG persistence varies; may remain positive for months to years; timing of symptom onset relative to testing affects interpretation; endemic area patients may have baseline elevated titers
- Factors Affecting Results: Immunocompromised patients may have delayed or weak antibody response; species and serovar of infecting Leptospira affects antibody specificity; cross-reactivity can occur with other Leptospira serovars; laboratory method variation (ELISA, rapid tests, MAT); timing of specimen collection relative to infection onset
- Clinical Significance: Confirms leptospirosis diagnosis in symptomatic patients; distinguishes past infection from current infection when combined with IgM; helps guide treatment decisions; establishes epidemiological pattern for disease surveillance
Associated Organs
- Primary Organ Systems: Kidneys, liver, blood vessels, lungs, central nervous system
- Leptospirosis Manifestations: Anicteric leptospirosis (non-icteric form): fever, myalgia, headache, mild renal dysfunction; Icteric leptospirosis/Weil's disease: jaundice, acute kidney injury, pulmonary hemorrhage, hemorrhagic manifestations, thrombocytopenia
- Kidney Involvement: Acute tubular necrosis, interstitial nephritis, acute kidney injury requiring dialysis in severe cases
- Hepatic Involvement: Elevated liver enzymes, cholestasis, hepatomegaly, hyperbilirubinemia in Weil's disease
- Pulmonary Involvement: Pulmonary hemorrhage, severe respiratory distress syndrome, alveolar infiltrates, dyspnea
- Neurological Complications: Aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, cranial nerve palsies (Bell's palsy), Guillain-Barré syndrome
- Potential Complications: Multi-organ failure, septic shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation, death if untreated severe disease
Follow-up Tests
- Leptospira IgM Test: Detects early acute infection; IgM typically appears first and indicates acute or recent infection
- Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT): Gold standard serological test; identifies specific Leptospira serovar; useful for epidemiological studies; more sensitive and specific than rapid tests
- PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction): Detects Leptospira DNA in blood, urine, or CSF; most sensitive during first 5-7 days of illness; useful for early confirmation
- Urine Culture: May detect leptospires in urine during convalescent phase (after first week); requires special media
- Blood Culture: Positive during first 5-7 days of acute illness; uses specialized leptospira media; useful for early diagnosis
- Renal Function Tests: BUN, creatinine, electrolytes, urinalysis to monitor kidney involvement and assess severity
- Liver Function Tests: AST, ALT, bilirubin, albumin to evaluate hepatic involvement in Weil's disease
- Complete Blood Count: Assess for thrombocytopenia, anemia, leukocytosis
- Paired Sera Samples: Acute and convalescent samples (10-14 days apart); four-fold rise in antibody titer is diagnostic; recommended when single IgG result is equivocal
- CSF Analysis: If meningitis suspected; Leptospira IgM/IgG testing and culture on CSF samples
Fasting Required?
- Fasting Required: No
- Food and Fluid Intake: Patient may eat and drink normally prior to test; no dietary restrictions required
- Medications: No specific medications need to be avoided; continue all regular medications as prescribed; inform healthcare provider of all current medications, especially immunosuppressants
- Sample Collection: Blood sample via venipuncture; no special preparation required
- Timing of Test: Can be performed at any time of day; optimal collection is after first week of symptom onset when IgG antibodies are developing; test may be repeated after 10-14 days for paired sera comparison if indicated
- Patient Instructions: Wear comfortable clothing with easily accessible arms; inform phlebotomist of any bleeding disorders or medications affecting clotting; notify laboratory if recent antibiotics were administered as some may affect culture results; report fever or acute symptoms to healthcare provider before testing if appropriate

How our test process works!