Leptospira IgM Rapid

Bacterial/ Viral

Report in 8Hrs

At Home

No Fasting Required

Details

Detects IgM antibodies in the blood against Leptospira bacteria, which cause leptospirosis

₹349₹650

46% OFF

Leptospira IgM Rapid - Comprehensive Medical Test Guide

Why is it done?
- Test Purpose: Detects IgM antibodies against Leptospira bacteria to identify acute or recent leptospirosis infection
- Primary Indications: Suspected acute leptospirosis; patients presenting with fever, myalgia, and jaundice; occupational exposure in high-risk workers; suspected Weil's disease
- Clinical Circumstances: Water exposure or flooding events; rodent contact; during the first 5-7 days of acute illness when IgM appears; tropical and subtropical regions with endemic leptospirosis
- Rapid Detection Advantage: Quick point-of-care results within 10-15 minutes, enabling rapid diagnosis and early treatment initiation
Normal Range
- Result Interpretation: Negative / Non-reactive
- Normal Value: Absence of Leptospira IgM antibodies
- Units of Measurement: Qualitative (Positive/Negative) or Semi-quantitative (titer levels)
- Negative Result: Indicates no current or recent acute leptospirosis infection; however, early infection (within first few days) or past infection may still present as negative
- Positive Result: Indicates acute or recent leptospirosis infection; likely infection occurred within 5-14 days of symptom onset
- Sensitivity & Specificity: Typically 85-95% sensitivity and 90-98% specificity depending on the commercial kit used
Interpretation
- Positive IgM Result: Indicates active or recent acute leptospirosis; IgM appears early (3-5 days post-infection) and peaks at 3-4 weeks; correlates with clinical symptoms such as fever, headache, myalgia, and jaundice; warrants immediate clinical evaluation and treatment consideration
- Negative IgM Result: Likely excludes acute leptospirosis if tested after day 5 of symptoms; does not exclude infection in very early disease (first few days); past infection or chronic carrier state typically seronegative; false negatives possible in immunocompromised patients
- Timing Considerations: IgM appears as early as day 3-5; peaks by week 3-4; persists for 2-6 months; IgG appears after 1-2 weeks and persists for years; paired sera (acute and convalescent) improves diagnostic accuracy
- Factors Affecting Results: Immunosuppression delays antibody production; certain Leptospira serovars show cross-reactivity; prior vaccination or infection may influence results; timing of specimen collection relative to symptom onset is critical
- Clinical Significance: Positive test in symptomatic patient confirms leptospirosis diagnosis; enables early intervention with antibiotics; helps differentiate leptospirosis from dengue, typhoid, or other febrile illnesses; important for occupational health surveillance
- Disease Severity Correlation: Mild leptospirosis (anicteric) has similar IgM response to severe disease (Weil's disease/icteric); IgM titers do not reliably predict disease severity
Associated Organs
- Primary Organ Systems: Renal system (acute kidney injury, renal failure); hepatic system (jaundice, hepatitis); pulmonary system (pulmonary hemorrhage, acute respiratory distress); cardiovascular system
- Associated Diseases: Leptospirosis (anicteric and icteric forms); Weil's disease (severe form with renal failure, hepatic dysfunction, hemorrhage); pulmonary hemorrhagic leptospirosis; aseptic meningitis; myocarditis
- Complications in Abnormal Results: Acute renal failure requiring dialysis; hepatic dysfunction and coagulopathy; pulmonary hemorrhage and respiratory failure; myocarditis with arrhythmias; hemorrhagic manifestations; uveitis and chronic eye inflammation; chronic kidney disease sequelae
- Mortality Risk: Mild leptospirosis mortality <1%; severe Weil's disease mortality 10-15% even with treatment; higher mortality in elderly and immunocompromised populations
- Occupational Risk Groups: Agricultural workers, slaughterhouse employees, sewage workers, veterinarians, laboratory personnel, military personnel in endemic areas, water sports enthusiasts
Follow-up Tests
- Confirmatory Testing: Leptospira IgG antibody testing (confirms chronic/past infection if positive); MAT (Microscopic Agglutination Test) - gold standard for serovar identification; PCR testing in acute phase for bacterial detection
- Organ Function Assessment: Serum creatinine and BUN (renal function); liver function tests (AST, ALT, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase); complete blood count; platelet count; coagulation profile (PT/INR, PTT)
- Additional Diagnostic Studies: Urinalysis (proteinuria, hematuria); blood cultures (early infection); chest X-ray if pulmonary involvement suspected; ECG if cardiac manifestations present; abdominal ultrasound for hepatomegaly/splenomegaly
- Monitoring Frequency: Acute phase: daily renal and hepatic function monitoring; repeat IgM testing at 7-10 days if initially negative with high clinical suspicion; convalescent IgG testing at 2-4 weeks post-symptom onset for confirmation
- Related Complementary Tests: Dengue serology (differential diagnosis in endemic areas); Typhoid serology; Influenza/COVID-19 testing; Blood glucose and electrolytes; Inflammatory markers (CRP, ESR)
- Long-term Follow-up: Renal function testing at 6-12 months for severe cases; ophthalmology evaluation if uveitis develops; repeat serology if chronic sequelae suspected
Fasting Required?
- Fasting Status: No
- Food and Drink: Fasting not required; patient may eat and drink normally before test; test is not affected by recent meal or beverages
- Medications: No medications need to be avoided; continue all regular medications including antibiotics if already initiated; immunosuppressive medications should be noted as they may affect antibody response
- Patient Preparation: Minimal preparation required; bring identification; inform healthcare provider of symptoms onset date for accurate interpretation; report any known water or rodent exposure; disclose immunosuppressive conditions or medications
- Specimen Collection: Quick finger-prick blood sample (rapid test); or venipuncture for serum collection (confirmatory labs); minimal discomfort; results typically available within 10-15 minutes for rapid test
- Special Considerations: Optimal timing is 5-14 days after symptom onset for maximum IgM detection; test can be done regardless of time of day; no restrictions on daily activities before or after test

How our test process works!