LH/FSH Ratio
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The LH/FSH ratio is often used as a diagnostic marker, especially in women with suspected PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome).
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🧪 What is LH/FSH Ratio?
The LH/FSH ratio is calculated by dividing luteinizing hormone (LH) levels by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels in the blood.
- Both hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland.
- They play a crucial role in reproductive function (ovulation, menstrual cycle in females; spermatogenesis in males).
- The LH/FSH ratio is often used as a diagnostic marker, especially in women with suspected PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome).
❓ Why is the Test Done?
To:
- Evaluate reproductive hormone balance
- Diagnose conditions such as PCOS, premature ovarian failure, hypogonadism, pituitary disorders
- Investigate irregular menstruation, infertility, or amenorrhea
📊 Normal Range of LH/FSH Ratio
Group | Expected LH/FSH Ratio |
|---|---|
Reproductive-age Women | ~1:1 (may vary slightly during cycle) |
PCOS | Often >2:1 or 3:1 |
Men | Ratio usually <1 (LH slightly lower) |
Ratios may vary depending on the timing of the menstrual cycle, lab reference ranges, and assay methods.
📈 Interpretation of Results
LH/FSH Ratio | Clinical Meaning |
|---|---|
~1:1 | Normal pituitary-ovarian axis |
>2:1 or 3:1 | Suggestive of PCOS in the right clinical context |
<0.5 | May suggest hypogonadotropic hypogonadism |
High LH & FSH | Primary ovarian insufficiency or menopause |
Low LH & FSH | Pituitary or hypothalamic dysfunction |
In PCOS, high LH stimulates androgen production, disrupting ovulation.
🧠 Associated Organs & Conditions
System/Organ | Associated Conditions |
|---|---|
Ovaries/Testes | PCOS, premature ovarian failure, infertility |
Pituitary | Hypopituitarism, adenomas |
Hypothalamus | Kallmann syndrome, functional amenorrhea |
🔄 Related / Follow-Up Tests
- Individual LH and FSH levels
- Total Testosterone & Free Androgen Index (in PCOS)
- AMH (Anti-Müllerian Hormone) – ovarian reserve
- Estradiol
- Prolactin
- TSH – thyroid dysfunction also affects cycles
- Pelvic Ultrasound – polycystic ovarian morphology
- Semen analysis (in men)
✅ Fasting Required?
Test | Fasting Requirement |
|---|---|
LH/FSH Ratio | ❌ Not required |
However, test should ideally be done on Day 2–3 of the menstrual cycle in females for reliable interpretation.
📝 Summary Table
Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
What | Ratio of LH to FSH, two key reproductive hormones |
Why | Evaluate infertility, PCOS, gonadal function |
Normal Ratio | ~1:1 in women; <1 in men |
High Ratio | PCOS, premature ovarian failure |
Low Ratio | Pituitary or hypothalamic disorder |
Follow-up Tests | LH, FSH, Estradiol, Testosterone, AMH, TSH, Ultrasound |
Associated Conditions | PCOS, infertility, menopause, hypogonadism |
Fasting Required | ❌ No |
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