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Mass - Medium Biopsy 1-3 cm

Biopsy
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Report in 288Hrs

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No Fasting Required

Details

Histopathological analysis

₹369₹1,000

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Mass - Medium Biopsy 1-3 cm

  • Why is it done?
    • To obtain tissue samples from medium-sized masses (1-3 cm) for histopathological examination and definitive diagnosis
    • To differentiate between benign and malignant lesions in organs such as breast, lung, liver, kidney, and soft tissue
    • To provide cellular and tissue architecture information for accurate pathological diagnosis
    • To guide treatment planning and determine prognosis when malignancy is suspected
    • Performed when imaging studies (ultrasound, CT, MRI) show indeterminate lesions requiring tissue confirmation
    • Typically ordered in evaluation of palpable masses, suspicious nodules, or lesions with unclear etiology
  • Normal Range
    • Normal Result: Benign tissue with normal cellular architecture, no malignant cells present, absence of dysplasia or atypia
    • Abnormal Result: Presence of malignant cells, evidence of carcinoma, lymphoma, sarcoma, or other neoplastic processes
    • Indeterminate/Suspicious Result: Atypical cells, dysplasia, or findings that are borderline and may require additional sampling or repeat biopsy
    • Inadequate Sample: Insufficient tissue obtained to make a definitive diagnosis; repeat biopsy may be necessary
    • Units of Measurement: Qualitative histopathological assessment; mass size: 1-3 cm (centimeters)
  • Interpretation
    • Benign Diagnosis: Identifies specific benign conditions such as fibroadenoma, lipoma, cyst, adenoma, or inflammatory lesions; indicates no cancer present and reassures regarding malignancy risk
    • Malignant Diagnosis: Confirms cancer diagnosis; histology may reveal carcinoma type (ductal, lobular, squamous cell, adenocarcinoma), grade, and stage; determines urgency and type of treatment needed
    • Dysplasia or Atypia: Abnormal cell growth that may be precancerous; stratified by degree (mild, moderate, severe); indicates increased cancer risk and may warrant close monitoring or excisional biopsy
    • Histological Grade: Grade 1 (well-differentiated) indicates slower growth; Grade 2 (moderately differentiated) indicates intermediate behavior; Grade 3 (poorly differentiated) indicates aggressive growth and poorer prognosis
    • Immunohistochemical Markers: May include hormone receptor status (ER/PR), HER2 status, Ki-67 proliferation index, and other markers that guide targeted therapy and prognosis
    • Factors Affecting Results: Sample quality and quantity, proper tissue handling and fixation, accurate needle placement, observer expertise in pathology interpretation, and presence of crush artifact or necrosis
  • Associated Organs
    • Primary Organ Systems: Breast, lung, liver, kidney, thyroid, lymph nodes, soft tissue, gastrointestinal tract, and other accessible lesions
    • Breast Masses: Fibroadenoma, phyllodes tumor, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC)
    • Lung Nodules: Bronchogenic carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, hamartoma, tuberculosis
    • Liver Lesions: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cholangiocarcinoma, hemangioma, focal nodular hyperplasia, metastatic lesions
    • Renal Masses: Renal cell carcinoma, oncocytoma, cyst, angiomyolipoma, lymphoma
    • Soft Tissue Masses: Sarcoma, lipoma, fibroma, nerve sheath tumors, metastatic disease
    • Potential Complications: Infection, hemorrhage, pneumothorax (if lung biopsy), peritoneal spillage of tumor cells, organ perforation, pain, and hematoma formation
  • Follow-up Tests
    • If Benign Diagnosis: Clinical follow-up and imaging surveillance at intervals determined by physician; routine screening based on age and risk factors
    • If Malignant Diagnosis: Staging studies (CT, MRI, PET scan), tumor markers (CEA, PSA, AFP, HCG), molecular testing (genetic mutations, gene expression profiling), estrogen/progesterone receptor testing for hormone-responsive cancers
    • If Inadequate Sample: Repeat needle biopsy, excisional biopsy, or alternative imaging-guided approaches to obtain diagnostic material
    • If Atypical/Dysplastic Findings: Excisional biopsy for definitive diagnosis, serial imaging with short-interval follow-up, or repeat core needle biopsy
    • Complementary Tests: Immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, cytogenetic analysis, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), next-generation sequencing (NGS) for cancer genomics
    • Monitoring Frequency: For confirmed malignancy: imaging every 3-6 months during treatment, then at intervals based on stage; for benign lesions: typically annual clinical exam and imaging based on risk factors
  • Fasting Required?
    • Fasting Required: No, fasting is not required for medium biopsy procedures
    • Pre-procedure Preparation: Obtain informed consent; maintain normal oral intake and hydration unless specifically instructed otherwise by proceduralist; may eat regular meals prior to biopsy
    • Medication Considerations: Discontinue anticoagulants (warfarin, apixaban, rivaroxaban) 3-5 days prior; hold aspirin and NSAIDs for 3-7 days before procedure; continue cardiac and essential medications; consult with physician regarding specific medications
    • Imaging and Documentation: Bring prior imaging studies (ultrasound, CT, MRI films or reports); bring insurance cards and identification
    • Anesthesia Preparation: Local anesthesia typically used; general anesthesia rarely needed for medium biopsies; NPO requirements depend on anesthesia type used
    • Post-procedure Instructions: Resume normal diet immediately after procedure; rest for remainder of day; avoid strenuous activity for 24-48 hours; apply ice to biopsy site if needed for pain and swelling

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