Mumps Virus IgM antibody

Bacterial/ Viral

Report in 48Hrs

At Home

No Fasting Required

Details

Detects acute mumps infection.

₹592₹846

30% OFF

Mumps Virus IgM Antibody Test - Complete Medical Guide

Why is it done?
- Test Description: Detects IgM antibodies against mumps virus in the bloodstream, indicating acute or recent infection
- Primary Indications: Suspected acute mumps infection with clinical symptoms such as parotitis (swollen salivary glands), fever, and malaise
- Clinical Presentations: Bilateral parotid gland enlargement, meningitis, encephalitis, orchitis, oophoritis, or pancreatitis with compatible symptoms
- Timing: Typically performed during acute phase of illness or within first 4-5 days of symptom onset for optimal detection; may be ordered during disease outbreak investigations
- Outbreak Settings: Differential diagnosis in epidemiologic investigations and confirmation of suspected mumps cases in vaccinated populations
Normal Range
- Reference Values: Negative or <0.9 index value (results vary by laboratory assay method and platform used)
- Common Index Ranges: Negative: <0.9 index
- Borderline: 0.9-1.1 index (may require repeat testing or additional confirmation)
- Positive: >1.1 index value, indicating acute mumps infection
- Units: Index value (dimensionless), some labs report as positive/negative or may use titer levels (typically 1:64 or higher considered positive)
- Clinical Interpretation: Negative result means no acute mumps infection detected; positive indicates acute or recent infection; borderline requires clinical correlation and possible repeat testing
Interpretation
- Positive IgM Result: Strongly suggestive of acute mumps infection; IgM appears first during infection (within 3-4 days of symptom onset) and typically persists for 2-3 months
- Negative IgM Result: May indicate no acute infection, testing performed too early (<72 hours from symptom onset), or past immunity; does not rule out mumps if strong clinical suspicion exists
- Borderline/Equivocal: May represent early infection or false positive; repeat testing in 7-10 days recommended or paired acute/convalescent sera comparison
- Clinical Significance of Timing: IgM positivity indicates infection occurred in past 1-3 months; after this window, IgG antibodies dominate; early testing may miss early infections requiring repeat testing
- Factors Affecting Results: Immunocompromised status may result in delayed or absent antibody response; recent MMR vaccination may cause false positives; heterophile antibodies and rheumatoid factor may interfere; sample collection timing critical for accuracy
- Serial Testing Interpretation: A four-fold rise in titer between acute and convalescent sera collected 2-4 weeks apart confirms recent infection; paired samples provide gold standard for diagnosis
Associated Organs
- Primary Organ Systems: Salivary glands (particularly parotid glands), central nervous system, reproductive organs, and pancreas
- Commonly Associated Conditions: Acute parotitis (parotid gland inflammation), viral meningitis, encephalitis, and aseptic meningitis
- Reproductive Manifestations: Orchitis (testicular inflammation) in males, oophoritis (ovarian inflammation) in females, with potential impact on fertility
- Pancreatic Involvement: Mumps pancreatitis causing abdominal pain, elevated amylase and lipase levels; usually self-limited
- Neurological Complications: Mumps meningitis most common complication; mumps encephalitis with altered mental status; post-infectious encephalomyelitis
- Hearing Loss Risk: Sensorineural hearing loss potentially permanent; unilateral or bilateral; risk increased in severe infections
- Other Associated Complications: Myocarditis, mastitis, thyroiditis, and temporary diabetes; congenital mumps in infected pregnant women during first trimester
Follow-up Tests
- Mumps IgG Antibody: Ordered for immunity verification and to determine if prior infection or vaccination occurred; positive IgG with negative IgM indicates past infection or immunity
- Mumps Virus Culture or RT-PCR: Definitive diagnosis via viral culture from saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, or urine; RT-PCR more sensitive and rapid; useful if serology inconclusive
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis: Indicated if meningitis or encephalitis suspected; includes cell count, protein, glucose, viral PCR, and mumps serology on CSF
- Serum Amylase and Lipase: Measured if pancreatitis suspected; elevated levels support diagnosis of mumps-associated pancreatitis
- Audiometry Testing: Recommended after acute mumps to assess for sensorineural hearing loss; baseline for comparison if permanent damage suspected
- Repeat Mumps IgM Serology: Recommended 7-10 days after initial negative test if strong clinical suspicion remains; paired acute/convalescent sera for four-fold titer rise confirmation
- Complete Blood Count: May show relative lymphocytosis; supports viral infection diagnosis but not specific for mumps
- Liver Function Tests: To assess for mumps-related hepatitis; ordered if elevated transaminases or jaundice present
Fasting Required?
- Fasting Requirement: No - Fasting is NOT required for Mumps Virus IgM antibody serology testing
- Sample Collection: Simple venipuncture for serum collection; can be performed at any time of day regardless of meal intake; no special patient preparation needed
- Timing Considerations: Collect sample within first 4-5 days of symptom onset for optimal IgM detection; drawing early in disease course maximizes sensitivity
- Medications: No medications need to be avoided; continue all regular medications as prescribed; test results not affected by pharmaceutical agents
- Special Instructions: Inform healthcare provider if recently vaccinated with MMR vaccine (may cause false positive); disclose any current immunocompromised status; avoid strenuous exercise immediately before collection if possible
- Additional Specimen Collection Notes: Ensure proper tube (serum separator tube), label correctly with patient identifiers, date and time of collection; maintain proper temperature during transport; deliver to laboratory promptly for processing

How our test process works!