Mycoplasma Pneumoniae IgG

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Antibody test for M. pneumoniae.

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Mycoplasma Pneumoniae IgG Test Information Guide

Why is it done?
- Detects antibodies against Mycoplasma pneumoniae bacteria to diagnose current or past respiratory infections
- Diagnoses atypical pneumonia (walking pneumonia) caused by M. pneumoniae infection
- Investigates chronic or recurrent respiratory symptoms unresponsive to standard antibiotics
- Confirms diagnosis when IgM antibodies are negative but clinical suspicion remains high
- Typically performed during acute respiratory illness or when investigating respiratory tract infections
- May be ordered weeks to months after infection onset to identify prior or persistent infections
Normal Range
- Negative Result: < 0.9 Index or < 1:64 titer (specific values vary by laboratory method)
- Equivocal/Borderline Result: 0.9 to 1.1 Index or 1:64 titer (may require repeat testing)
- Positive Result: > 1.1 Index or ≥ 1:128 titer (indicates exposure to or infection with M. pneumoniae)
- Units of Measurement: ELISA Index, Antibody Titer, or Enzyme Immunoassay units (depends on methodology)
- Normal IgG result suggests either no prior M. pneumoniae infection or immunity no longer detectable; positive result indicates current or past infection with potential for persistent immunity
Interpretation
- Negative IgG with Negative IgM: No current or recent M. pneumoniae infection; patient may have immunity or never been exposed
- Negative IgG with Positive IgM: Acute M. pneumoniae infection in early phase; IgG antibodies not yet developed
- Positive IgG with Negative IgM: Past M. pneumoniae infection with immunity; indicates resolved infection or chronic/persistent infection
- Positive IgG with Positive IgM: Acute or recent M. pneumoniae infection; IgG developing during immune response
- High Titer Levels: May indicate acute infection, recent reinfection, or prolonged illness; serial titers showing 4-fold increase confirms acute infection
- Factors Affecting Results: Timing of specimen collection relative to infection onset, prior M. pneumoniae infections, immunosuppression, laboratory methodology variation, and cross-reactivity with other organisms
- IgG antibodies develop 1-2 weeks after IgM appearance and remain detectable for months to years, providing evidence of previous infection and potential immunity
Associated Organs
- Primary Organ Systems: Respiratory system (lungs, airways, bronchi); immune system (antibody response)
- Respiratory Conditions Associated with Abnormal Results: Atypical pneumonia (walking pneumonia), acute bronchitis, chronic bronchitis, tracheobronchitis, asthma exacerbation, and persistent cough
- Systemic and Extrapulmonary Manifestations: Myocarditis (heart), encephalitis (central nervous system), hemolytic anemia, arthritis, skin manifestations (erythema multiforme), and immunological complications
- Diseases Diagnosed or Monitored: M. pneumoniae infection, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), chronic respiratory infections, and recurrent airway disease
- Potential Complications: Severe pneumonia, respiratory failure, chronic post-infection complications, myocarditis with cardiogenic shock, neurological sequelae, and superinfection with secondary pathogens
Follow-up Tests
- Complementary Serological Tests: Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgM antibodies (acute infection marker), repeat IgG testing 2-4 weeks later for titer comparison to confirm acute infection
- Microbiological Tests: Nasopharyngeal swab for M. pneumoniae PCR (more sensitive and specific for acute infection), throat culture, sputum culture for bacterial superinfection
- Radiological Imaging: Chest X-ray to assess pneumonia severity, evaluate for atypical infiltrates or bronchial patterns characteristic of M. pneumoniae
- Laboratory Investigations: Complete blood count (CBC) for atypical lymphocytes, cold agglutinin titers, comprehensive metabolic panel, liver and kidney function tests
- Cardiac Assessment (if complications suspected): Electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiogram, cardiac troponin levels for myocarditis evaluation
- Other Serology Tests: Tests for other atypical respiratory pathogens (Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Legionella, Coxiella burnetii) if diagnosis remains unclear
- Monitoring Frequency: Acute infection: clinical follow-up at 1-2 weeks post-treatment; chronic cases: monitoring based on symptom resolution and complications; reinfection assessment if recurrent respiratory symptoms occur
Fasting Required?
- Fasting Requirement: No
- Fasting is not required for Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgG testing; this is a serology test that does not require dietary restrictions
- Patient Preparation Requirements: Arrive well-hydrated; hydration does not affect serology test results but may ease blood draw procedure
- Medications: No medications need to be withheld prior to the test; take all regular medications as scheduled; antibiotic therapy does not affect IgG antibody detection
- Specimen Collection: Simple blood draw via venipuncture; no special preparation needed; typically performed in clinical laboratory or medical office setting
- Optimal Collection Timing: IgG appears 1-2 weeks after infection onset; collect sample ≥2 weeks after symptom initiation for optimal sensitivity; no time-of-day restrictions
- Storage and Handling: Serum separator tube typically used; refrigerate if delay in processing occurs; stable for several days when properly stored; follow laboratory-specific instructions for shipping if necessary

How our test process works!