Progesterone
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Steroid hormone produced mainly by the corpus luteum in the ovary after ovulation
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🧪 What is the Progesterone Test?
Progesterone is a steroid hormone produced mainly by the corpus luteum in the ovary after ovulation, and by the placenta during pregnancy. It plays a key role in:
- Preparing the endometrium for implantation
- Maintaining early pregnancy
- Regulating the menstrual cycle
❓ Why is the Test Done?
To:
- Confirm ovulation in infertility evaluation
- Assess corpus luteum function
- Monitor early pregnancy viability
- Diagnose causes of abnormal uterine bleeding
- Evaluate risk of miscarriage
- Guide assisted reproductive techniques (ART)
📊 Normal Range (varies with menstrual cycle phase)
Phase | Progesterone Level (ng/mL) |
|---|---|
Follicular phase | < 1.5 ng/mL |
Ovulation (mid-cycle peak) | 5 – 20 ng/mL |
Luteal phase | 5 – 20 ng/mL |
Early pregnancy (1st trimester) | 11.2 – 90 ng/mL |
Postmenopausal | < 0.2 ng/mL |
📈 Interpretation of Results
Progesterone Level | Meaning |
|---|---|
Low (<5 ng/mL mid-luteal) | Anovulation or luteal phase defect |
Elevated during pregnancy | Normal pregnancy maintenance |
Very low in pregnancy | Possible miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy |
Low post-ovulation | Infertility or ovulatory dysfunction |
🧠 Associated Organs & Conditions
Organ/System | Conditions |
|---|---|
Ovaries | Ovulatory dysfunction, corpus luteum insufficiency |
Uterus | Endometrial disorders, implantation failure |
Placenta | Early pregnancy support |
Pituitary/Adrenal | Secondary hormonal imbalances affecting progesterone |
🔄 Related / Follow-Up Tests
- LH and FSH – assess ovulatory status
- Estradiol – ovarian function
- Beta hCG – confirm pregnancy
- Ultrasound – follicle tracking and pregnancy assessment
- Thyroid function tests – rule out contributing factors
✅ Fasting Required?
Test | Fasting Required |
|---|---|
Progesterone | ❌ No |
📝 Summary Table
Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
What | Measures serum progesterone hormone levels |
Why | Evaluate ovulation, pregnancy viability, infertility |
Normal Range | <1.5 (follicular), 5–20 (luteal), elevated in pregnancy |
Low Levels | Anovulation, miscarriage risk |
High Levels | Normal in luteal phase and pregnancy |
Associated Organs | Ovaries, uterus, placenta |
Follow-up Tests | LH, FSH, estradiol, beta hCG, ultrasound |
Fasting Required | ❌ No |
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