Rh Antibody Titre
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Critical in pregnancy to assess the risk of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) caused by Rh incompatibility
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🧪 What is Rh Antibody Titre?
The Rh Antibody Titre test measures the level (titre) of anti-Rh antibodies in the blood, usually anti-D antibodies, produced by an Rh-negative individual exposed to Rh-positive red blood cells.
This test is critical in pregnancy to assess the risk of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) caused by Rh incompatibility.
❓ Why is the Test Done?
To:
- Monitor Rh-negative pregnant women for alloimmunization against fetal Rh-positive red cells
- Assess the severity of sensitization in alloimmunized pregnancies
- Guide management decisions such as early delivery or intrauterine transfusion
- Evaluate risk of hemolytic disease of the newborn
📊 Normal Range
Antibody Titre | Interpretation |
|---|---|
Negative or <1:4 | No significant antibodies detected |
1:4 to 1:8 | Low titre; monitoring required |
≥1:16 or rising titre | Significant; risk of fetal hemolysis |
📈 Interpretation of Results
Titre Level | Clinical Implication |
|---|---|
<1:4 or undetectable | No alloimmunization; low risk of HDFN |
1:4 to 1:8 | Mild sensitization; continued monitoring needed |
≥1:16 or rising titre | Significant sensitization; increased risk of fetal anemia |
🧠 Associated Conditions
Condition | Details |
|---|---|
Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) | Destruction of fetal RBCs by maternal antibodies |
Alloimmunization | Maternal immune response to fetal Rh-positive RBCs |
🔄 Related / Follow-Up Tests
- Indirect Coombs Test – detects circulating antibodies in maternal serum
- Fetal middle cerebral artery Doppler – assesses fetal anemia
- Amniocentesis – bilirubin levels in amniotic fluid (Liley curve)
- Direct Coombs Test (on newborn) – detects antibody-coated RBCs
✅ Fasting Required?
Test | Fasting Required |
|---|---|
Rh Antibody Titre | ❌ No |
📝 Summary Table
Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
What | Measures anti-Rh antibody levels in maternal blood |
Why | Monitor Rh sensitization and risk of HDFN |
Normal Range | Negative or <1:4 titre |
High Titre | ≥1:16 indicates increased risk of fetal hemolysis |
Associated Conditions | Alloimmunization, HDFN |
Follow-up Tests | Indirect Coombs, fetal Doppler, amniocentesis |
Fasting Required | ❌ No |
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