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🧪 What is Rheumatoid Factor (RF)?

Rheumatoid Factor (RF) is an autoantibody (usually IgM) directed against the Fc portion of IgG antibodies.
It is commonly associated with autoimmune diseases, especially Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA).

❓ Why is the Test Done?

To:

Aid in the diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Support diagnosis of other autoimmune disorders (e.g., Sjögren’s syndrome)
Monitor disease activity and progression
Differentiate inflammatory arthritis from other causes

📊 Normal Range

RF Level	Interpretation
< 20 IU/mL	Negative / Normal
≥ 20 IU/mL	Positive (may vary by lab and method)

📈 Interpretation of Results

Result	Clinical Implication
Positive RF	Suggests Rheumatoid Arthritis or other autoimmune disease
High titre RF	Often correlates with more severe disease
Negative RF	Does not rule out RA (seronegative RA exists)

🧠 Associated Conditions

Condition	Details
Rheumatoid Arthritis	Chronic inflammatory arthritis
Sjögren’s Syndrome	Autoimmune exocrinopathy
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus	Occasionally positive RF
Chronic infections	Hepatitis C, tuberculosis, endocarditis
Other autoimmune diseases	Mixed connective tissue disease

🔄 Related / Follow-Up Tests

Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide (Anti-CCP) antibodies – more specific for RA
ESR and CRP – markers of inflammation
ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) test – screen for other autoimmune diseases
Joint imaging (X-ray, MRI) – evaluate joint damage

✅ Fasting Required?

Test	Fasting Required
Rheumatoid Factor	❌ No

📝 Summary Table

Parameter	Details
What	Autoantibody against IgG Fc region
Why	Diagnose and monitor Rheumatoid Arthritis and other autoimmune diseases
Normal Range	< 20 IU/mL
Positive Result	Suggests RA or other autoimmune conditions
Associated Conditions	RA, Sjögren’s syndrome, chronic infections
Follow-up Tests	Anti-CCP, ESR, CRP, ANA, imaging
Fasting Required	❌ No

Rheumatoid Factor (RF)

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