TORCH All Ten

Bacterial/ Viral

10 parameters

Report in 12Hrs

At Home

No Fasting Required

Details

Antibodies to TORCH pathogens.

₹2,450₹4,499

46% OFF

Parameters

List of Tests
- Cytomegalo Virus (CMV) - IgG
- Cytomegalo Virus (CMV) - IgM
- Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV I & II) - IgG
- Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV I & II) - IgM
- Rubella - IgG
- Rubella - IgM
- Toxoplasma Gondii - IgG
- Toxoplasma Gondii - IgM
- Herpes Simplex Virus II (HSV) - IgG
- Herpes Simplex Virus II (HSV) - IgM

TORCH All Ten - Comprehensive Medical Test Information Guide

Why is it done?
- Test Description: The TORCH All Ten is a comprehensive serological panel that screens for ten infectious agents known to cause congenital infections and birth defects. It detects antibodies (IgG and IgM) against Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Herpes Simplex Virus-1 (HSV-1), Herpes Simplex Virus-2 (HSV-2), Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV), Parvovirus B19, Measles, Mumps, and Listeria monocytogenes.
- Primary Indications: Prenatal screening to identify maternal immunity and assess risk of vertical transmission; evaluation of recurrent pregnancy losses; assessment of congenital infection risk; investigation of birth defects consistent with intrauterine infections; maternal fever during pregnancy; newborn screening for congenital infections.
- Timing and Circumstances: Typically performed during first trimester prenatal care or preconception counseling; may be ordered during pregnancy if maternal illness is suspected; useful in evaluating pregnant women with fever, rash, or constitutional symptoms; recommended for women with occupational exposure risks (healthcare workers, teachers, childcare providers); assessment prior to conception in high-risk populations.
Normal Range
- Reference Ranges: IgG Antibodies: Negative or <0.9 IU/mL (varies by laboratory); IgM Antibodies: Negative or <1.1 IU/mL (negative values indicate absence of acute infection); Specific values vary depending on the laboratory's reference standards and methodology used.
- Result Interpretation: Negative IgG and IgM: No evidence of current or past infection; indicates susceptibility to infection; Positive IgG, Negative IgM: Indicates past infection or immunity; suggests protective antibodies; Positive IgG and IgM: Indicates acute or recent infection; requires further evaluation; Borderline/Equivocal: Requires repeat testing or confirmatory studies.
- Units of Measurement: International Units per milliliter (IU/mL); antibody titers; qualitative positive/negative results; some laboratories report as ratios or optical density values.
- Normal vs. Abnormal: Normal indicates either immunity from prior vaccination or infection, or no prior exposure; abnormal results (positive IgM or acute phase IgG) indicate current or recent infection; abnormal findings in pregnant women warrant immediate clinical attention and possible treatment or monitoring protocols.
Interpretation
- Result Value Interpretation: Negative IgG and IgM for all ten pathogens: Patient has no immunity and is susceptible to infection; vaccination or risk avoidance counseling recommended; Positive IgG only: Indicates past exposure and immunity; protective antibodies present; Positive IgM with or without IgG: Suggests acute or recent infection; requires further confirmation and clinical correlation.
- Clinical Significance: In pregnancy, acute infection risk is highest in first trimester with potential for severe congenital consequences; risk decreases as pregnancy progresses; IgM positivity in newborns suggests congenital infection; high IgG titers in infant cord blood may indicate recent maternal infection or congenital transmission.
- Factors Affecting Results: Prior vaccination status; immunocompromised states may show negative results despite infection; timing of blood draw in relation to infection (early in course may show negative IgM); cross-reactivity with related viruses; laboratory-specific cutoff values; sample quality and storage conditions.
- Result Patterns and Clinical Implications: Multi-agent IgG seropositivity: indicates broad immunity from vaccinations and prior exposures; isolated single agent positivity: assesses individual risk for specific pathogen; multiple IgM positivity: rare; suggests severe immunological event or laboratory error; all negative results: indicates significant susceptibility requiring counseling and preventive measures during pregnancy.
Associated Organs
- Primary Organ Systems: Reproductive system (placenta, fetus); nervous system (brain, spinal cord); visual system (eyes); auditory system (ears); immune system; cardiovascular system; all organ systems can be affected depending on the specific pathogen and timing of infection.
- Associated Medical Conditions: Congenital cataracts; cardiac defects; intellectual disability; microcephaly; seizure disorders; hearing loss; retinopathy; intracranial calcifications; hepatomegaly; splenomegaly; jaundice; thrombocytopenia; growth restriction; spontaneous abortion.
- Diseases Diagnosed/Monitored: Toxoplasmosis; Rubella infection; Cytomegalovirus infection; Herpes simplex infection; Varicella-zoster infection; Parvovirus B19 infection; Measles; Mumps; Listeriosis; Congenital TORCH syndrome; Recurrent pregnancy loss; Congenital anomalies.
- Potential Complications: Permanent neurological sequelae; irreversible blindness; profound deafness; chronic liver disease; cardiac malformations; developmental delays; failure to thrive; recurrent infections; autoimmune complications; chronic inflammation; long-term cognitive impairment.
Follow-up Tests
- Confirmatory Testing: Western blot for specific antibody confirmation; immunoblot assay; hemagglutination inhibition test; neutralization assays; PCR testing for pathogen detection; viral culture when indicated; avidity testing to determine timing of infection.
- Further Investigation: Amniocentesis with PCR for fetal infection assessment; cordocentesis for fetal blood analysis; detailed fetal ultrasound to evaluate for congenital anomalies; fetal echocardiography; ophthalmologic evaluation; auditory assessment; comprehensive metabolic panel; CSF analysis if central nervous system involvement suspected.
- Monitoring Frequency: Acute infection: repeat serology at 2-3 weeks and 4-8 weeks to assess for antibody rise; congenital infection: serial testing at birth, 1 month, 3 months; prenatal positive results: every 4-8 weeks throughout pregnancy depending on specific agent; newborns with suspected congenital infection: testing at birth, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months.
- Complementary Tests: Complete blood count; liver function tests; renal function tests; coagulation studies; immunoglobulin levels; specific pathogen serology by immunoassay; viral load quantification by PCR; imaging studies (ultrasound, MRI, CT); genetic testing if chromosomal abnormalities suspected; thyroid function tests.
Fasting Required?
- Fasting Status: No
- Fasting Duration: Not applicable; patient may eat and drink normally before the blood draw; no dietary restrictions necessary.
- Medication Considerations: No medications need to be discontinued; continue all routine medications as prescribed; immunosuppressive drugs may affect results; antiretroviral medications do not interfere; antimicrobial therapy does not affect serology testing.
- Patient Preparation: Arrive with proper identification; inform healthcare provider of recent vaccinations (within 2 weeks); notify of immunosuppressive conditions; provide accurate pregnancy status if applicable; bring insurance information; wear loose-fitting upper garment for ease of blood draw; arrive 10-15 minutes early for routine check-in.
- Special Instructions: Timing: ideally performed in first trimester for prenatal screening; schedule 5-10 minutes for collection; avoid drawing immediately after exercise or stress; ensure adequate hydration for easier venipuncture; blood sample typically requires serum or plasma collection tube; samples can be collected at any time of day; no specific holding time required before testing.

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