Urea
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The blood urea level reflects kidney function and protein metabolism
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🧪 What is Urea?
Urea is a waste product formed in the liver from the breakdown of proteins and amino acids. It is excreted by the kidneys through urine. The blood urea level reflects kidney function and protein metabolism.
❓ Why is the Test Done?
To:
- Assess kidney function and detect renal impairment
- Evaluate hydration status
- Monitor patients with kidney disease
- Help diagnose causes of altered protein metabolism or catabolic states
📊 Normal Range
Urea Level | Reference Range |
|---|---|
Adults | 7 – 20 mg/dL (2.5 – 7.1 mmol/L) |
Ranges may vary by laboratory.
📈 Interpretation of Results
Result | Clinical Significance |
|---|---|
High urea | Kidney dysfunction, dehydration, high protein intake, gastrointestinal bleeding |
Low urea | Liver disease, malnutrition, overhydration |
🧠 Associated Conditions
Condition | Details |
|---|---|
Acute or chronic kidney disease | Impaired urea excretion causing elevated levels |
Dehydration | Concentrates blood urea levels |
Liver failure | Reduced urea synthesis leading to low levels |
Gastrointestinal bleeding | Increased protein breakdown raises urea levels |
🔄 Related / Follow-Up Tests
- Serum creatinine
- Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR)
- Electrolytes (Na, K, Cl)
- Urinalysis
✅ Fasting Required?
Test | Fasting Required |
|---|---|
Urea | ❌ No |
📝 Summary Table
Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
What | Measures blood urea concentration |
Why | Assess kidney function and protein metabolism |
Normal Range | 7 – 20 mg/dL |
High Levels | Kidney disease, dehydration, GI bleeding |
Low Levels | Liver disease, malnutrition |
Associated Conditions | Kidney failure, dehydration, liver dysfunction |
Follow-up Tests | Creatinine, eGFR, electrolytes, urinalysis |
Fasting Required | ❌ No |
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