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🧪 What is 24-Hour Urinary Copper?

The 24-hour urinary copper test measures the amount of copper excreted in the urine over a full day. It helps assess copper metabolism and is especially useful in diagnosing Wilson’s disease, a genetic disorder causing copper accumulation.

❓ Why is the Test Done?

To:

Diagnose Wilson’s disease (copper accumulation in tissues)
Monitor treatment response in Wilson’s disease patients
Evaluate abnormal copper metabolism or toxicity
Support diagnosis in patients with unexplained liver or neurological symptoms

📊 Normal Range

24-Hour Urinary Copper	Reference Range
Adults	< 40 µg/day (less than 0.64 µmol/day)

Elevated levels suggest increased copper excretion, typically seen in Wilson’s disease.

📈 Interpretation of Results

Result	Clinical Significance
Elevated urinary copper	Suggests increased copper excretion; highly suggestive of Wilson’s disease
Normal or low levels	Unlikely Wilson’s disease; consider other causes of symptoms

🧠 Associated Conditions

Condition	Details
Wilson’s disease	Genetic copper overload disorder causing liver and neurological damage
Copper toxicity	Due to environmental or occupational exposure
Other liver diseases	May have mild alterations in copper metabolism

🔄 Related / Follow-Up Tests

Serum ceruloplasmin
Liver function tests
24-hour urinary copper (repeat if borderline)
Liver biopsy (copper quantification)
Genetic testing for Wilson’s disease

✅ Fasting Required?

Test	Fasting Required
24-Hour Urinary Copper	❌ No

📝 Summary Table

Parameter	Details
What	Measures copper excretion in urine over 24 hours
Why	Diagnose and monitor Wilson’s disease
Normal Range	< 40 µg/day
Elevated Levels	Suggest Wilson’s disease or copper overload
Associated Conditions	Wilson’s disease, copper toxicity
Follow-up Tests	Ceruloplasmin, LFTs, genetic testing
Fasting Required	❌ No

Urinary Copper 24 hours

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